sailboat autopilot system

7 Best Sailboat Autopilot Systems

Last Updated by

Daniel Wade

June 15, 2022

Essential in increasing efficiency, safety, and convenience, marine autopilots are a sailor's best friend when out there on the water. A properly operating sailboat autopilot will keep your sailboat on a selected course even in strong currents and winds and that why you need to go for the best sailboat autopilot.

Steering a sailboat is always fun. And even though many sailors are so good at it, some circumstances can make steering a boat on a straight line or the right course almost impossible. The tides, winds, and the complex hull-bottom designs can throw your sailboat off route and the adjustments that you have to make to return to course can be your voyage killers. Even if you have a crew that regularly sails with you, having an autopilot can help you stay on course and that's exactly why you need the best sailboat autopilot.

In the simplest term possible, an autopilot is an extra pair of hands that can help you in steering your sailboat on the right course. It is a self-steering device for powerboats or sailboats and even the most basic autopilot can help in holding your vessel on a pre-set compass course. Some advanced autopilots can even gather data from your boat and determine whether or not the boat is capable of handling the task in hand.

So whether you have a mechanically-steered boat or a tiller-steered sailboat, an autopilot is of great importance for both you and your boat. And it doesn't matter whether you want to explore your nearest lake for a day or want to sail to the Caribbean on your sailboat, it will make your job a lot easier, efficient, and safer. This is why we've put together this article to help you find the best sailboat autopilot. Read on and find which is best for you and your sailboat.

Table of contents

How to Choose the Best Sailboat Autopilot for Your Vessel

When it comes to choosing the best sailboat autopilot for your vessel, the easiest thing to do would be to go for an autopilot that can steer your sailboat in calm seas. However, this is not advisable since you want an autopilot that works perfectly under very demanding sea conditions. With that in mind, here are the most important things to consider when looking at the best sailboat autopilot for you. 

Speed of Helm Adjustment

The best way to measure the speed on an autopilot that's appropriate for your boat is by looking at the number of degrees per second of helm correction. As such a 40-feet boat requires 10 degrees per second, a 25-feet boat requires 15 degrees per second, and a 70-feet boat requires 5 degrees per second. 

An above-deck or below-deck Autopilot

Do you want an autopilot that's designed to be used above the deck or below the deck? Well, the most important thing is to choose an autopilot that matches the displacement of your boat. More importantly, above-deck autopilots are ideal if you have a smaller boat while below-deck autopilot is ideal if you have a larger boat.

The Steering System

What type of steering system does your boat have? It's important to understand whether your boat has rotary drives, linear drive, or hydraulic drives. 

Control Interfaces

You should choose what's perfect for you as far as the control interface is concerned because this is one of the most crucial parts of an autopilot. The best features to consider include ease of use, waterproof, intuitive display, backlit options, and compatibility with SimNet, SeaTalk, and NMEA 2000.

7 Best Sailboat Autopilots

Here are the 7 best sailboat autopilots.

Raymarine ST1000 Plus Tiller Pilot

(Best for Tiller-steered Sailboats)

The Raymarine ST100 Plus Tiller Pilot is a classic tiller pilot that's one of the best accessories for your sailboat and your everyday sailing escapades. It's designed in such a way that it can accept NMEA data while still offering accurate navigation thanks to its incredibly intelligent software.

This autopilot is designed with a backlit LCD to help you see your navigational data, locked course, and other important information that can make your sailing safer and much better. The fact that the backlit LCD works perfectly in low-light conditions is an added plus.

That's not all; the ST1000 comes with an AutoTack feature that works like an extra hand when you're engaged in other responsibilities. For example, it can tack the sailboat for you when you adjust the sails. Better still, this autopilot is fully-fitted with everything that you need to install it on your sailboat and use it.

• ‍ It's easy to use thanks to the simple six-button keypad
• It's perfect when sailing in the calm sea as well as in stormy conditions
• It is waterproof so you don't have to worry about it getting damaged
• Its intelligent software minimizes battery usage thereby prolonging its battery life
• Perfect for tiller-steered sailboats
• ‍ The 2-year warranty could be improved
• It's a bit heavier

Garmin Ghc 20 Marine Autopilot Helm Control

(Best for Night Sailing)

If you're planning to go on a voyage, chances are you'll find yourself sailing overnight. With that in mind, you should go for an autopilot that works perfectly both during the day and at night. The Garmin Ghc 20 Marine Autopilot Helm Control is your best sailboat autopilot for these types of adventure.

This amazing autopilot is designed with a 4-inch display that can improve your nighttime readability. This display is glass-bonded and comes with an anti-glare lens that is essential in preventing fog and glare in sunny conditions. This is crucial in helping you maintain control in all conditions, both during the day and at night.

This autopilot also provides a 170-degree viewing angle. This is essential in viewing the display at almost any angle. So whether you're adjusting the sails up on the deck or grabbing an extra sheet below the deck, you can be able to look at the display and see what's going on. So whether a sailing vessel or a powerboat, this autopilot is easy to use thanks to its five-button control. 

• ‍ The five-button control makes it easy to use
• Comes with a bright 4-inch display
• The display works in all conditions thanks to its glass-bonded, anti-glare lens
• The display offers optimal view both during the day and at night
• It's compatible with other Garmin products
• ‍ Only good for sailboat under 40 feet in length
• The battery life should be improved

Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot

(Best for 32-feet or less Sailboat)

For many lone sailors, going with a sailboat that measures 32-feet or less in length is always ideal. Under such scenarios, it's always best to go with a sailboat autopilot that's perfect for such types of boats, and the Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot can be a superb option for you. This autopilot is so perfect as it brings to the table a combination of advanced technological software and simplicity.

Its five-button display makes it user-friendly, easy to use, and perfect in controlling your sailboat accordingly. This autopilot has a low-power draw, which means that your battery will last longer even when used for prolonged periods. This is an excellent autopilot that's designed with the sailor in mind as it goes about its business quietly so that you can enjoy your sailing adventures without noise and interruption from a humming autopilot.

• ‍ One of the quietest sailboat autopilots
• The battery life is excellent
• It's designed with one of the most advanced software
• It's waterproof to protect it from spray and elements
• It offers precision steering and reading in all types of weather conditions
• It's easy to use and control
• ‍ Not ideal for big boats

Raymarine M81131 12 Volt Type 2 Autopilot Linear Drive

(Best for Seasonal Cruising)

For those of us who love cruising during winter when other sailors are drinking hot coffee from the comfort of their abodes, the Raymarine M81131 is the right sailboat autopilot for you. Well, this autopilot can be an ideal option if your sailboat is large enough to have a full motor system.

This autopilot is one of the most powerful in the marine industry and has an incredible electromagnetic fail-safe clutch. This autopilot is also compatible with other devices such as NMEA 2000 ABD SeaTalk navigation data. In terms of precision navigation, this autopilot will never disappoint you in any weather condition.

So whether you're looking to go ice-fishing or sailing the oceans during winter, this is your go-to autopilot.

• ‍ Offers optimal sailing experience and navigation precision
• It's very quiet
• It offers high performance with minimal battery usage
• It's great for adverse winter conditions 
• ‍ It's expensive

Furuno Navpilot 711C Autopilot System

(Best for Accuracy)

If you're looking for the best sailboat autopilot that will take your navigation to the next level in terms of accuracy, look no further than the Furuno Navpilot 711C. This is an autopilot that enhances your boat's precision as far as staying on course is concerned. This is because the autopilot is designed with a self-learning software program that offers step by step calculations of your navigation and course.

This autopilot also offers real-time dynamic adjustments so that you can steer your sailboat more accurately. Thanks to this self-learning algorithm also offers great power application that significantly reduces the manual helm effort when maneuvering various situations. Its colored graphic display is of great benefit as you can easily read the information even in low-light conditions. So it doesn't matter whether you're sailing at night or during the day, this autopilot will serve you right in any condition. 

• ‍ It's great for power and fuel efficiency
• The display is intuitive
• It's easy to set up and use
• Its power assist is essential in reducing steering system complexity
• Great for both outboard and inboard motors
• ‍ Quite expensive

Si-Tex SP120 Autopilot with Virtual Feedback

(The Most Affordable Autopilot)

If you're on a budget and looking for one of the most affordable yet reliable sailboat autopilots, look no further than the Si-Tex SP120 Autopilot. This is a perfect high-performance sailboat autopilot that can be great for small to medium-sized powerboats and sailboats.

One of the most important features that this autopilot brings to the table is the ability to offer virtual feedback. This is great in eliminating the manual rudder feedback and thereby enhances your sailboat's performance. Its splash-proof 4.3-inch LCD offers one of the best transflective displays in the marine industry. The 4-button operation makes it a lot easier to use and provides the information you need to steer your sailboat safely and perfectly.

This autopilot can be great for you if you have a small or medium-sized sailboat thanks to its ease of use. The fact that it's one of the most affordable sailboat autopilots makes it highly popular with sailors who are on a budget.

• ‍ It's simple to install and use
• The virtual feedback is great
• The display is one of the best in the game
• It's quite affordable
• ‍ It's not ideal for big boats

Garmin Reactor 40 Kicker Autopilot

(Best for Outboard Motor Boats)

If you have a motorboat that has a single-engine outboard, The Garmin Reactor 40 Kicker Autopilot can be an ideal option. This is a great autopilot that mitigates heading error and unnecessary rudder movement while offering more flexible mounting, which is essential in offering a more comfortable sailing even in the roughest of weather conditions.

This autopilot can be easily fine-tuned thanks to its throttle settings with a touch of a button. Of course, this can be useful especially when the seas are rough and you're trying to remain on course. This autopilot is also waterproof to ensure that it doesn't get damaged with spray or other elements.

With this autopilot, you're guaranteed to enjoy an awesome sailing trip even when going against the wind or when sailing in rough conditions. 

• ‍ Easy to install and use
• It's waterproof
• It's beautifully designed
• It comes with a floating handheld remote control
• It's great for maintaining heading hold and route.
• ‍ It's only ideal for motorboats with up to 20 horsepower
• It's relatively expensive

As you can see, there are plenty of options when it comes to choosing an ideal sailboat autopilot for you. The best thing about the above-described sailboat autopilots is that they're among the best and you can find one that perfectly suits your unique needs and boats. Of course, most of them are quite expensive but they will advance the way you sail and make your sailing adventures even more enjoyable. We hope that you'll find the perfect sailboat autopilot for you.

Until next time, happy sailing!

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I've personally had thousands of questions about sailing and sailboats over the years. As I learn and experience sailing, and the community, I share the answers that work and make sense to me, here on Life of Sailing.

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Yachting Monthly

• Digital edition

Autopilot Buyers Guide for sailing yachts

• Rupert Holmes
• September 6, 2021

Rupert Holmes looks at how to choose a suitable autopilot system for cruising yachts

There’s a bewildering array of options available for autopilot systems, which can make selecting the best for your yacht a daunting task.

Some manufacturers offer such a plethora of products covering everything from outboard-powered fishing boats to large motor yachts it can be difficult to pick out those that are ideal for sailing yachts of moderate size.

Equally, you may be able to retain some elements of your existing system, such as the drive unit and control pads, which will reduce the cost of upgrading your autopilot.

Many systems are sold as packages, which can add to the confusion.

However, these make more sense once you figure out the key items – especially the compass, 9-axis sensor or course computer – most boats will benefit from updating.

Integration with other on board electronics is an important factor if you want the autopilot to steer to a constant wind angle, or to display compass course on the instruments.

B&G’s Triton controller

Mixing autopilot brands?

While many items from different brands will talk to each other, it makes sense to limit the variety as far as possible to avoid any problems.

However, there’s usually no need for drive units to be the same brand as the remainder of the system.

These are generally fairly simple 12/24V motors that respond in the same way to the output from the course computer, without other complex electronics that need a data feed with specific protocols.

It’s always worth checking with suppliers, or directly with a manufacturer’s technical helplines, to be sure that the products you plan to buy will work together as expected.

Before going shopping, make an audit of the elements of your existing autopilot system – and what will benefit from replacement.

In many cases an autopilot system can be updated significantly without replacing the drive unit, control keypads or display units, which can make upgrading more affordable.

In most cases drive units are specified for a maximum laden displacement .

For many yachts this can easily be in excess of 20% above the boat builder’s quoted figure for light displacement.

Garmin CHC10 Remote

Many companies bundle the parts that are most likely to be needed to upgrade an existing system into packages, often at reduced prices compared to the individual components.

Garmin, for instance, calls these ‘Corepacks’ and, unlike other manufacturers, this is the prime way in which key components other than control units and drives are sold.

The GHP Reactor Mechanical Retrofit Corepack (£1,460) includes a 9-axis sensor, course computer, and the higher-spec GHC20 control display.

It’s therefore a cost-effective option offering for anyone looking to update an existing system.

Raymarine’s EV-200 Sail Pack (£2,115) consists of an EV-1 Sensor Core, ACU-200 pilot computer, p70/70s control head, plus a cabling kit.

Note: We may earn a commission when you buy through links on our site, at no extra cost to you. This doesn’t affect our editorial independence.

B&G’s DD15 Drive Unit is a compact and energy efficient design for yachts from 30-40ft

1. Below deck drive units

These are a key in getting good pilot performance and in maximising reliability.

Yet in many ways the physical means of moving the rudder has changed little in the past decade or two.

Whether driven directly by an electric motor, or via hydraulics, these are non-intelligent items that simply respond to the changing 12V (or 24V) outputs from the course computer.

The two key choices are between hydraulic and electric-mechanical units and between a linear or rotary drive.

Linear drives are used to connect directly to the quadrant and are the most common type, especially on relatively recent boats.

Rotary drives can drive a gear wheel where the steering system incorporates a chain drive.

Electric units are more efficient on power consumption, easier to install and cheaper than hydraulic options.

However, the latter can be more powerful, so are typically found on larger yachts.

Garmin offers a number of Linear Drives, including the Class A Mechanical Linear Drive (£1,600) for yachts up to 12,900kg loaded displacement.

The company’s Class B units include a compact model rated for 22 tons, while the standard size model will cope with 35.8 tons loaded displacement.

Similarly Raymarine’s mechanical linear drives (£1,800-2,065) are offered in three sizes for boats with displacement of up to 11,000kg, 15,000kg and 20,000kg laden displacement.

Above this a hydraulic drive will be needed.

Raymarine’s ST2000 is a basic all-in-one model for boats up to 4,500kg

2. Tiller pilots

These naturally fall into two different categories – all-in-one units that include a basic course computer, fluxgate compass, control pad and, in some cases, a one-line display.

Some can also interface with other on-board electronics.

Raymarine’s ST1000 (£525) and ST2000 (£630) are basic all-in-one models for boats up to 3,000kg and 4,500kg respectively.

They are now dated units that include only a basic fluxgate compass and limited connectivity via Raymarine’s original SeaTalk, or NMEA0183 for GPS and apparent wind data.

If you’re able to spend more there are much better options available.

Raymarine’s EV-100 Tiller Pilot is a motor-only unit for boats up to 6,000kg that can be paired to an ACU-100 course computer and EV-1 9-axis sensor.

It’s therefore capable of steering a much better course than the ST1000/2000 models, though won’t match the performance of a belowdeck system as it’s impossible to fit a rudder angle sensor.

In addition, unlike B&G’s SD10 drive there’s no automatic clutch, so switching between automatic steering and standby modes may not be a smooth operation in challenging conditions.

The EV-100 tiller pilot is priced at £1,365, packaged with an ACU-100 course computer, EV-1 sensor and cabling kit, though a control unit is still required.

While the Navico group’s products for sailing have been sold under the B&G brand for almost a decade, this isn’t true of its all-in-one tiller pilots, which are legacy products that still carry Simrad branding.

The TP10 (£470) is a basic standalone model for smaller boats, while the TP22 (£610) and TP32 (£760) models can operate in either standalone mode, or networked with wind instruments and/or separate compasses via NMEA0183 or 2000.

They are suitable for boats up to 34ft and 37ft respectively.

A neat alternative to a conventional tiller pilot

The B&G SD10 drive (£1,059) is a neat alternative to a conventional tiller pilot that uses a Bowden cable (as used for steering most RIBs) to connect a below-decks motor to the tiller.

It has two further big advantages over conventional tiller pilots.

Firstly there’s a clutch, so the pilot is always connected to the tiller and doesn’t need to be removed when returning to manual steering mode.

Secondly, it incorporates a rudder angle sensor, so offers tiller steered yachts that don’t have a quadrant all the advantages of a below decks system.

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Raymarine is the only company that now offers a wheel pilot, the EV-100 Wheel Pilot

3. Wheel autopilots

These have an on-deck motor much as for tiller pilots, making them a cost effective option with relatively easy installation.

However, unlike a below deck system, the motor unit is exposed to the elements and there’s a limit to the size and weight of a yacht that can realistically use a wheel pilot.

In addition, they generally can’t use a rudder angle sensor, so course keeping is compromised.

Raymarine is the only company that now offers a wheel pilot, the EV-100 Wheel Pilot (£665).

It produces 30Nm of thrust and is suitable for boats with a laden displacement of up to 7,500kg.

Both SeaTalkNG and NMEA2000 data protocols are supported.

It’s designed to be used with an ACU-100 course computer and EV-1 Sensor.

Outside its high-end H5000 series B&G offers two options, the NAC-2 and NAC-3

4. Course computers

This area has seen huge development and significant improvements to course keeping .

All current systems will interface with the 9-axis sensors that measure rate of yaw, pitch and heel, as well as having a built in gyro compass.

They can therefore respond to gusts and waves even before the boat has changed course.

Raymarine produces several different course computers (Autopilot Control Units, or ACU) to suit different types of boat and drive unit.

Although not all are suited to sailing yachts.

Designed to simplify use where possible, much of the set up process is automated, and there are no user-adjustable settings beyond three easy to select modes.

The latest Lighthouse II software update includes stabilisation of wind speed and angle using data from the 9-axis sensor; which means even better course keeping.

The ACU-100 (£420) is for smaller sailing yachts using the EV-100 tiller or wheel pilot.

The ACU-200 (£845) is for any vessel with one of the company’s Type 1 drive units.

It can supply up to 7A of power to the drive unit and suits most boats up to 11,000kg laden displacement.

The more powerful ACU-400 (£1,905) can supply 30A to 12V or 24V systems; capable of steering very large yachts, including those with hydraulic drive units.

In both cases the units are capable of using both Raymarine’s SeaTalkNG data protocol and NMEA2000.

Outside its high-end H5000 series B&G offers the NAC-2 (£950) and NAC-3 (£1,700).

The former provides output current of up to 8A for yachts of up to 35ft, whereas the latter is rated at 30A continuous, for larger yachts.

Garmin’s course computers are offered as part of its Core Packs.

B&G’s Rudder angle sensor

5. Essential accessories for autopilots

The choice of system elements, including rudder angle sensors, compasses – or 9-axis sensors – and control keypads or displays is determined by the brand of your pilot computer.

Note that some drive units include a rudder angle sensor.

Rudder angle sensor

Sometimes supplied with the motor; check specs when comparing prices.

• Garmin GRF10 Rudder Feedback Sensor (£199)
• Raymarine M81105 Rudder angle transducer (£265)
• B&G has four options to suit different systems (priced from £290-320)

Course sensor

All the main manufacturers now use 9-axis sensors that measure heading, rate of turn, pitch, roll and yaw, giving far greater data inputs to the course computer than gyro compasses that were the best option less than 10 years ago.

Garmin only lists this sensor in its pilot packages, but Raymarine’s EV-1 Sensor is available separately for £740, while B&G’s Precision compass is £680.

Raymarine’s EV-1 Sensor

6. Control pads and remotes 

These can add significantly to the cost of an autopilot system.

But if you ever sail short handed , then a controller at the helm and one at the companionway, allowing the boat to be conned from the shelter of the spray hood, are a minimum for any offshore yacht.

This also offers a layer of redundancy should a unit fail.

In many cases a multifunction display (MFD ) can be used to control a pilot of the same brand, though can be a lot more convoluted than using a keypad.

Remote controls are great for anyone on watch alone, but can be an expensive upgrade, especially if you need to also buy a base station to communicate with the remote.

Raymarine Smart Controller

• Raymarine Smart Controller (remote) with base station (£630)
• Raymarine S100 wireless remote with base station (£440)
• Garmin GHC10 Marine Autopilot Control Unit (£500)
• Garmin GHC20 Marine Autopilot Control Unit (£580)
• Garmin CHC10 Remote (£270)
• B&G’s Triton2 keypads (£350 each)

A Triton2 display (£530) is needed as well, but can also be used to display other data.

TECHNICAL HELP FOR AUTOPILOTS

Once you’ve outlined what you think is the best upgrade route don’t be shy about asking for help to confirm you’ve identified the best options.

Many manufacturers have both online and telephone helplines:

• raymarine.custhelp.com/app/home
• bandg.com/en-gb/contact-us-gb/

About the author

Rupert Holmes is a freelance yachting journalist with more than 85,000 miles’ experience in a wide variety of craft, including cruising and racing yachts, and significant shorthanded sailing.

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Modern Sailboat Autopilots

• By Dave Schmidt
• Updated: May 8, 2019

Hand steering is one of sailing’s greatest joys, but the truth is that most sailors struggle to hold an accurate course for more than 30 minutes. This is why racing crews regularly rotate drivers, and why most cruising sailors carry an autopilot that can handle helm duties when the weather turns bleak, attention deficits lurk or other onboard responsibilities take priority over chasing the compass card.

While autopilots have been steering recreational sailboats since Derek Fawcett introduced his original Autohelm in 1974, contemporary systems use solid-state components, cutting-edge processors and powerful algorithms to deliver significantly better performance and advanced features to aid in getting from Point A to B. Here’s a look at what’s on the market and the important things to consider when shopping for a new electronic hand on the helm.

At their core, autopilots consist of four basic components: a black-box central processing unit (CPU), which is the system’s brains and power supply; a hydraulic or electric drive unit that delivers the brawn that physically turns the boat’s rudder; a control head, which the helmsman uses to set a course with the touch of a button; and a heading sensor, commonly a fluxgate compass. Additional bells and whistles, such as a rudder-indicator sensor, a wind-and-speed sensor, and GPS and chart plotter can also be tied into the pilot system via an NMEA 0183 or NMEA 2000 network, allowing the autopilot to access the boat’s navigation system for increased functionality (more on that later).

In its simplest application, once the autopilot’s installed, a skipper manually steers the boat onto a desired course and engages the autopilot using the control head, which is typically mounted near the helm station. Course adjustments are typically made in increments of 1 and 10 degrees, either via hard-key buttons on the control head, a handheld remote control or an app.

When engaged, the autopilot relies on external sensors and internal algorithms to apply the least amount of rudder movement to maintain course. No matter who’s driving, excessive rudder movement directly equates to drag. While autopilots don’t fatigue in big waves the way a sailor might, they do consume more juice when they’re working hard, so autopilot manufacturers develop software controls to properly hold course without sapping boat speed or draining the batteries.

One of the most critical decisions when choosing an autopilot is ensuring that the drive unit is properly sized for the boat. “It’s all based on the boat’s displacement,” says Jim McGowan, Raymarine’s Americas’ marketing manager. When selecting a drive, he advises, “You want to use the boat’s dry weight and then add 20 percent to account for fuel, people and their gear.”

Autopilot drives are typically designed to work up to a certain weight, and it’s important to both performance and safety that this is properly matched as this in turn will dictate the system’s power requirements. Most sailboat-friendly autopilots draw between 2 and 7.5 amps, depending on the size of the CPU required by the system. While the CPUs in a given model range will typically employ identical algorithms, the bigger CPUs deliver more power to their drives.

When buying an autopilot system, be sure your vessel falls well within the designed working range. “When you fall on the line, you always want to go up,” advises McGowan. “It requires a lot of torque to drive the rudder arm in big seas, and if the pilot is up against its limit, there’s a lot more stress on the equipment and more heat buildup in the control unit.”

Matt Fries, B&G’s business acquisition manager, advises that customers should also take into account the design and sailing characteristics of their boat when selecting a drive. “A 40-footer with a full keel and an aft-hung barn-door rudder might require a more powerful drive than a 50-­footer of the same displacement that has a more balanced rig/keel configuration and a more modern rudder design,” he says. “It’s more important that the drive suits the boat than who makes it. If [a boat’s] existing drive works and is proven, we’re fine using it.” This same drive-system agnosticism exists amongst most manufacturers and potentially opens the door to cost-effective modular autopilot upgrades, as most modern autopilots can be matched up to power and control different drive types.

As with all electromechanical systems, the course that the autopilot steers is only as accurate as the input of its sensors — in this case, the most critical data is the vessel’s compass course. While fluxgate compasses provide accurate azimuth information, their reporting rates of 1-10 hertz are sluggish to report course changes compared to today’s nine-axis compasses, which feature updated rates in the ballpark of 10-30 hertz, or that number of times per second. Moreover, the new breed of compasses are accurate to roughly plus or minus 2 degrees magnetic, and also deliver pitch, roll and yaw information, and in some systems, even heel angle. All this data means the autopilot’s CPU and algorithms can more efficiently stay on course. When networked with other onboard devices, the data can also account for vessel motion and the affect it has on wind angle and speed data. As a result, nine-axis compasses have largely usurped fluxgate compasses.

“The EV1 is the system’s decision maker,” says McGowan, describing the role of the solid-state attitude heading reference system (AHRS) that’s central to Raymarine’s Evolution autopilot system. “All smarts are in there, and it sends its command signals to the control head and the drive.” The system is upgradeable, allowing Raymarine to push new features out to existing Evolution autopilots.

While nine-axis compasses have become the industry standard for autopilot heading sensors, even more precise options exist. “Furuno pilots interface really nicely with our SC33 satellite compass,” says Eric Kunz, Furuno’s senior product manager. And, he notes, the cost for these sophisticated compasses has been dropping. “It delivers roll, pitch and heave information, and it’s accurate to .5 degrees, which allows the system to steer a straighter course.”

As previously mentioned, modern autopilots are typically NMEA 0183 or NMEA 2000 compatible, allowing their information to be displayed and sometimes controlled via the vessel’s chart plotter. “One thing that’s changed dramatically is that you used to need a dedicated control head, but now plotters can control this,” says McGowan. In other words, Raymarine chart plotters can control the company’s Evolution autopilots. While this capability exists across all brands, not everyone is sold on chart-plotter control alone.

“I wouldn’t go to sea with just a chart plotter controlling the autopilot,” says Kunz, citing safety risks. “With our NAVpilot-711C, you need a connection between the processor and the control head and the heading sensor.” Up to six control heads can be added to the system.

Irrespective of what interface a boat owner employs, today’s autopilot systems offer new capabilities and sailing-specific features. Perhaps most publicized is their ability to auto-calibrate and adapt to a vessels particular motion underway.

“Before our Evolution autopilots, it took a lot of work to get a [Raymarine] autopilot set up and calibrated,” says McGowan. “You had to spin circles so that the autopilot could figure out the boat’s magnetic deviation.” By contrast, Evolution pilots automatically “learn” the boat’s turning characteristics over time. They work right out of the box, and their AHRS sensors are so sensitive that they can calculate what’s happening on the boat in real time.

While this is great for anyone who hates owner’s manuals, not all experts are ready to trust in technology alone.

“All autopilots should be properly commissioned and sea-trialed to ensure proper steering performance before being put into service,” says Fries. While B&G’s pilots support auto-calibrating and self-learning capabilities, there’s useful information that’s best gleaned the old-fashioned way. “After swinging the compass, the system gives you a field percent score, which shows the ratio of the boat’s local magnetic field to the earth’s magnetic field. I like to see less than 15 percent.” (See “Smartphone Detection,” below)

Once set up and calibration is complete, users can dial in the amount of acceptable cross-track error when underway. Furuno, for example, offers two different driving modes: economy and precision. “With precision mode, we’re trying to keep the boat right on the cross-track line,” says Kunz. The system essentially sets a waypoint 100 miles out and maintains a course that’s within a 6- to 10-foot accuracy zone. In economy mode, the system lets the vessel’s course drift more, so there’s less rudder movement and drag. Kunz says this is especially beneficial to bluewater sailors.

Another interesting feature involves using the vessel’s cartography and chart plotter capabilities to automatically generate a route, which is sent to the autopilot as a series of waypoints. “If you’re using a Garmin chart plotter, running Garmin’s g3 cartography and using a Garmin autopilot, the system will follow a route that was generated by auto-­routing,” says Dave Dunn, Garmin’s director of sales and marketing for marine. Furuno also offers similar capabilities thanks to its ownership stake in TimeZero (née Nobeltec and MaxSea). “TimeZero can take in the boat’s polars and take into account wind [forecasts] and the best time to go,” says Kunz. Skippers using computers that run the necessary Windows-compatible software can access this same functionality using a USB gateway that connects to the autopilot’s processor.

While NMEA 0183 and NMEA 2000 compatibility between the autopilot CPU and a chart plotter or computer has in some cases eliminated the need for a dedicated control head, it has also opened the door for app-based remote control. Contemporary chart plotters are all Wi-Fi enabled and most manufacturers, including Garmin and Furuno, build smart-device apps that deliver wireless plotter control, and therefore autopilot control. For the record, B&G and Raymarine do not allow this functionality for safety reasons.

In addition, Garmin allows users to control their autopilots via a quatix 5 watch and the company’s new Reactor Autopilot Remote controller, which features gesture control (see “Mind Control,” left). “You just point it to a heading, and the boat will sail the course,” says Dunn. As of now, Garmin is the only manufacturer to offer a gesture-sensitive control for a sailboat-compatible system, however Furuno makes a similar remote control for its powerboat-specific NAVpilot 300.

Recent years have also seen the advent of newer ­sailing-specific software features such as B&G’s ability to steer to specific wind angles. “If you engage the pilot’s wind mode, it will steer apparent wind angles, and downwind it will steer true wind angles,” says Fries. “The idea is that it’s easy to sail to the telltales upwind, but when you’re sailing downwind in seas, true wind angle is more stable and can avoid a crash gybe.”

McGowan says Raymarine has updated the Evolution’s ability to steer a course using a windvane as well, and it has also improved the system’s ability to perform automatic tacks when sailing to weather without overstanding its new course.

Finally, modern autopilots usually offer some sort of man-overboard mode, be it prescripted driving patterns or the ability to hold the bow in irons.

NKE takes this a step further with its system-agnostic Crew Transmitter, which establishes an electronic link with your nav system that’s broken if a user-worn pendant travels more than a certain distance away. Should this happen, the nav system drops a pin and triggers onboard MOB alarms. Using NKE’s Gyropilot remote control system, if an NKE autopilot is engaged at the time of the crew-overboard incident, it will either turn the boat into the wind or, if there’s no networked wind sensor, put the helm hard over.

Given the increased functionality, features and performance of modern autopilots, there’s little reason to suffer long stints at the wheel unless, of course, you feel like steering just for the fun of it.

David Schmidt is CW_’s electronics editor_.

Autopilot Manufacturers

• B&G : 603-324-2042; from $2,300.
• Furuno : 360-834-9300, from $3,400.
• Garmin : 800-800-1020, from $2,000.
• NKE Marine Electronics : from $5,400.
• Raymarine : 603-324-7900, from $2,000.

Smartphone Detection

Magnetic interference is a time-honored autopilot headache and can be triggered when equipment is loaded aboard or new systems are added. While properly installed, self-learning autopilots will eventually detect — and correct for — this interference, a smarter and more immediate tip, says B&G’s Matt Fries, involves using an app. “Everyone has a smartphone, and there are [deviation-sensing] apps that measure the boat’s magnetic field,” says Fries. “An owner might not realize that there’s an [outboard] motor behind a bulkhead.”

If there’s a magnetic-interference issue at play, this trick, coupled with the field-angle percentage that’s generated when swinging the boat and autopilot compass, should reveal the culprit.

Mind Control

An 8- to 10-knot southerly blew across Seattle’s Portage Bay as John Tenneson, owner of the nicely appointed J/145 Jedi , handed me Garmin’s new gesture-enabled Reactor Autopilot Remote controller, which was wirelessly tethered to Jedi’s Garmin autopilot. I aimed the controller 10 or 15 degrees off the port bow, pressed a button and Jedi immediately responded. Next, I made a slower turn to starboard, followed by a few dozen more maneuvers, executed simply by gesturing and pressing.

The remote also handles industry standard 1- and 10-degree course correcting commands and features three user-programmable hot keys, a dedicated MOB button and the ability to initiate auto tacks, based on apparent wind angles. The auto tack feature is especially helpful for shorthanded upwind work.

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My Cruiser Life Magazine

6 Best Sailboat Autopilot Systems

Hand steering a sailboat is so much fun – until it isn’t. In actuality, it’s tiring work that requires more concentration than we can give it for very long. Racing sailboats switch helmspersons regularly, and offshore passagemakers never rely solely on hand steering. In fact, a breakdown of automatic steering is a big problem for a short-handed vessel offshore.

Sailboat autopilot come to our rescue again and again. These crewmembers don’t need sleep, food, or water, and they never complain much. So let’s take a moment to appreciate these wonders of modern technology, and credit them with what they make possible. Here’s a look at the inner workings of Otto the Pilot, including his care and feeding.

Table of Contents

What is a sailboat auto pilot how does it work, what can an autopilot do, what can’t an autopilot do, mechanical windvane, electrical sailboat autopilots, control head, computer, “black box,” or “core pack”, rudder angle sensor, other input sensors, size and displacement of your vessel, types of drive unit, functionality and integration with mfd, small boat tiller pilots, below deck autopilots, sailboat autopilot faqs, navco/b&g, simrad, lowrance.

At the most basic level, the purpose of an autopilot is to steer the boat so you don’t have to. Steering a boat is like steering a car–every bend and curve in even a straight road will set the vehicle on a new course. So while sailing, every wave will wiggle the boat around. What’s more, the boat’s designed-in weather helm tendencies will cause it to want to head up into the wind. So steering a sailboat requires constant attention and work. 

After about 30 minutes, even the best helmsmen will start to waiver. An autopilot relieves you of some of this workload. It allows you to safely stand watch at the helm for hours at a time because you don’t have to worry about every bump, wave, and wind gust blowing you off course.

Do Boats Have Autopilot?

Of course, not every boat has an autopilot. It likely doesn’t need one if the boat is designed for day sailing. Half the fun of day sailing lies in the handling of the boat–the actual sailing part! Having an autopilot might be handy, but it’s hardly a necessity.

But boats that are built to travel for hours, days, or weeks at a time need an autopilot of some sort. There are many types of autopilots out there, even some mechanical ones that require no electricity . They vary in functionality, but their basic purpose is to relieve the helmsperson of some of the work. 

With that in mind, all autopilots can perform some basic functions. No matter how basic they are, they can all hold the boat’s course and points of sale in a relatively straight line. How they accomplish this depends on their complexity and what sort of sensors or inputs the autopilot has to understand the world around it.

Advanced modern autopilots usually have three modes you can select from. They can hold a compass heading, a bearing off of the wind, or hold a GPS course to the next waypoint. 

As amazing as autopilot is and as much work as they can do for us, they have some very big limits. What can’t an autopilot do? It can never replace an able helmsperson exercising good seamanship.

What does that mean? First and foremost, it is the legal responsibility of every vessel operator to maintain a continuous lookout. This is one of the most fundamental regulations in the COLREGS – the international laws set to prevent collisions at sea. 

In other words, only a human standing watch and looking out for hazards can see and avoid those hazards. An autopilot has no sensors to understand the world around it in that way–it can’t see other ships, boats, landmasses, rocks, or markers. So if it’s holding its course and something is ahead of it, it will run right into whatever lies in its way.

Many new sailors want to know if they can sleep while the autopilot drives the boat. The autopilot will certainly keep driving the boat–but it will keep driving it forever–onto the beach, into the side of a container ship, or straight into a metal day beacon.  

Another thing that autopilots don’t know is when to stop. They keep going until the helmsman switches them into “standby” mode. Here’s a horror story that I’ve heard a few times–it’s the middle of the night, and the boat is on autopilot. The skipper needs to pee, so he walks to the stern rail and falls off. His wife awakes two hours later for her watch, only to find an empty boat that’s still steering a perfect course away from her dear darling husband. 

Now, ladies, before you get any ideas, this is supposed to be an illustrative and cautionary tale about autopilots, not marriages.

Types of Autopilot

It’s impossible to understand the role and purpose of modern autopilots without first discussing the tried and true mechanical windvane. 

The windvane is a simple item mounted to the back of the boat. Above the water is a windvane that swings to point into the wind. Through a series of linkages, it is attached to a rudder below the water–either its own rudder or attached to the boat’s rudder.

The skipper uses a line to select the direction off of the wind – using the windvane – that they wish to steer. The windvane then corrects for any changes by moving its rudder left or right. 

The windvane is pretty simple in theory and ultra-reliable. Before the days of solar and wind generators , the fact that they used no electrical power was their biggest selling point. They’re still popular with offshore sailors today, mostly because of their reliability and simplicity. While a lightning strike could take out every electrical component on your boat, it wouldn’t hurt a windvane. 

For all its plusses, the windvane has some limitations. It only works when sailing in steady winds–if you’re trying to hold your course while motoring on a windless day, it won’t do much. They are also large and bulky, mounted on the stern of the boat in a place where most coastal sailors want to have their dinghy or a nice swim step.

Electric autopilots are a technology borrowed from the powerboat world. There’s fundamentally no difference between a sailboat autopilot and one built for a powerboat.  

Above-Deck or Cockpit Autopilots

An above-deck autopilot has all of its components mounted at the helm. It’s a simple and less expensive solution popular with smaller coastal cruising boats. 

For a basic autopilot like this, an electric mechanism will turn your steering wheel or tiller. It works fine on smaller boats and in calm conditions. However, the drive units are not powerful enough to move a big boat or a boat in very rough conditions . These units are commonly called wheel pilot and tiller pilot systems.

Below-Deck or Inboard Autopilot System

The best solution, albeit the more expensive and complicated one, is the below-deck autopilot. The rudder is turned by a series of servo motors or hydraulics below decks.

The biggest advantage of most of these systems is that the autopilot usually has its own attachment to the rudder post. In the event of a steering failure, the autopilot will often still control the boat just fine.

Another advantage is that the autopilot drive motor can be sized correctly for the vessel. Hydraulic rams that produce incredible force can be mounted. These can control any vessel in any sea condition if sized correctly.

Sail Boat Auto Pilot Components

Today’s autopilots are complex electronic systems built of several components that work together to get the job done. Most advanced autopilots consist of the following parts.

• Control head
• Electronic flux-gate compass
• Black box computer or core pack
• Rudder position and other sensors

There must be some controls for the helmsperson to manipulate the helm of the boat . This is usually in the form of an instrument-sized control head that monitors and controls the autopilot system. 

The autopilot computer cannot know the compass course of the boat without having an electronic flux-gate compass. It is usually mounted somewhere in the boat far from other electromechanical systems, like a locker in the stateroom. 

The autopilot’s processor will have a central black box that receives input from its various sensors. It also directly controls the drive motor, telling it when to come on and which direction to steer with how much force.

The drive unit mounts to the rudder post of the boat. It is generally preferred that the drive attach directly to the post so that if anything on the regular steering system breaks, the autopilot will still function. In the case of an above-deck autopilot, the drive unit is usually a simple electric motor or a magnetic servo mounted to the wheel.

There are a few methods of below-deck drive that can be matched to the vessel’s existing steering system. For example, powerboats with outboards often have hydraulic steering installed. In addition, there are autopilot drive systems that you can install in line with this existing system. 

The most common type of drive on sailboats is the linear ram drive. This is a rod that pushes straight in or out. When mounted to an arm on the rudder shaft, it can turn the rudder through its full range of motion.

The ram can be powered by either an electric motor of the sailboat and gears or hydraulics. 

A position sensor is mounted on the rudder shaft to ensure that the autopilot knows the rudder’s angle. It operates an indicator on the control head. But more importantly, it helps calibrate the system to know where the center is and how much deflection is given to each side. 

The complexity of your autopilot is also dependent on how many other electronics are networked into the autopilot computer. Most marine networks now work on the NMEA2000 standard. If that’s the case, and your autopilot talks to your other instruments, you’ll likely get a few extra benefits. 

If you have an electronic wind instrument onboard, your autopilot will be able to hold a true wind angle. This is a great way to run a cruising boat and like using an old-school windvane. 

For example, you might be running a course to your destination and find it sailing downwind . Instead of risking an accidental jibe with your boat , you set up a course with the wind 160 degrees to starboard. The autopilot will hold that wind angle for you, even if the wind shifts slightly. Then, you can determine when, where, and if you need to jibe.

If your autopilot “talks” to your MFD (multi-function display), you can get even more options. If you plot a course directly to a waypoint, your autopilot can track the sailboat on that line using the “Navigation” function. Remember that it won’t know what to do when you get there, so it will likely deactivate itself. It’s just holding that pre set compass course.

Alternatively, you could program an entire route into your GPS. This series of waypoints, all located in safe water, guides you from departure to destination. Most GPS systems will communicate the turns in the route to the autopilot, allowing it to follow that pre-programmed route without you touching it. 

Picking the Best Sailboat Autopilot

Picking an autopilot for your boat is one of those big undertakings that can quickly balloon out of your control. 

Here’s my own experience installing an autopilot from scratch. I share it here not as a how-to guide but as a cautionary tale into exactly how involved a project that this can become. 

Our sailboat came with a home-built above-deck autopilot. It functioned acceptably in calm waters, but its belt drive was easily overpowered in following seas. It was also something of a hassle to activate and deactivate. So in replacing our GPS and other electronics, we knew we wanted to upgrade to something more able to handle offshore weather.

We settled on B&G electronics for our boat. The existing autopilot had a newer Raymarine control head, compass, and computer, which I hoped to reuse. I wanted to get a linear drive unit to mount below decks. 

While I could get a Raymarine linear drive that would communicate with the Raymarine computer I owned, I could not get one big enough for my boat. So a new black box was required. 

I could not find a hydraulic drive unit that would fit the dimensions of our boat. There wasn’t much space near the rudder, and most hydraulic units were big. So I settled for an electric linear drive from Raymarine, but the most powerful one. 

I then discovered there was no easy way to mount the drive unit. My rudder post did not have an arm for it, so I would have to have that built custom. Plus, there were no flat spaces in the compartment nearby where the drive could be bolted on. 

Thankfully I could mount the Raymarine linear drive at any angle. I had to build angled blocks out of solid wood, allowing the drive motor to be mounted on its side and at a 30-degree angle to the rudder post. I then had a custom-made arm built by Edson Marine with a 30-degree offset, a $600 unexpected expense. This strange and complicated arrangement was the only way I could get the drive to give full deflection of the rudder within its designed mounting limits. 

So, what began as a $1,200 project for a new drive unit ballooned into a complete replacement project with all electronics costing over $4,000, plus another $1,000 in miscellaneous parts and modifications. This is for a 38-foot sailboat and doing all the work myself. The project would have easily cost $10,000 or more had I had a boatyard do the labor. 

How did I choose which autopilot would be best? Well, there aren’t actually that many choices. While many companies make hydraulic rams, only Raymarine had electric linear drives. I already had B&G electronics, so it only made sense to buy the same for maximum compatibility. 

In the end, the system works flawlessly, and I am very happy. But it goes in the folder of boat projects I hope never to do again. So, from one sailor to another, my advice is to buy a boat that is already set up the way you like it! Most newer boats come from the factory set-up for a below-deck autopilot, so all you should ever have to do is replace the components.

The most important factor in choosing your autopilot is to size it correctly according to the boat’s displacement. This will ensure that the unit has enough power to move the rudder when it’s underway. The force needed to move the rudder is proportional to the size of the rudder and the speed at which the vessel is moving. 

For whatever type of drive unit you choose, you will be given some operating limits of what it can and cannot do. For example, Raymarine makes three versions of their mechanical linear drive. Type 1 is for boats up to 24,000 lbs, Type 2S for up to 33,000 lbs, and Type 2L for vessels up to 44,000 lbs. The arms have a stroke of 12 (S model) or 16 (L model) inches, which must accommodate the movement of your rudder from stop to stop. Finally, the physical dimensions of the drive need to fit in the space provided.

Raymarine makes about the most complete line of autopilot drives on the market today. Currently, Raymarine has five types.

• Hydraulic pumps for hydraulic steering 
• Hydraulic linear arms
• Mechanical linear arms
• Mechanical rotary motors for chain and sprocket drives
• Sterndrive actuators for boats with power-assisted steering

The drive unit you choose will be part of your overall system design. It depends on how your steering system works and how and where you’re going to plug in the autopilot drive.

If you’re installing new electronics with your autopilot, getting a unit that matches the rest of your navigation technology makes sense. If you have Garmin, stick with Garmin; likewise, Raymarine or B&G. All make good products. The benefits of having them work together flawlessly are greater than any benefit you’ll get from mixing and matching different brands.

For example, my B&G autopilot allows me to control the autopilot directly from my MFD instead of having a separate control head. This saved me some money and space at the helm since a control head would be another $500 and another instrument face to mount. It also means that I can use the big touch screen and menu system to set up the autopilot and calibrate it.

Sailboat Autopilot Reviews

When shopping for an autopilot, you may find it difficult to shop online. More often than not, suppliers will have one component you need but not another. No one keeps all of these parts in stock and available for immediate shipment. You’ll wind up piecing together your autopilot system with parts from several sources. 

More often than not, what owners need is to replace one component. For example, maybe the drive unit went bad, or their control head display died. In these cases, simply replace the same part number from whoever has the part.

If you’re replacing the entire system or all of your electronics, it may be easiest to work directly through the manufacturer or their local distributor. However, if you’re willing to shop around, you might be able to find kits and individual components through Amazon, West Marine, Defender, or other marine stores. 

Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot

The TP10 is an entry-level, easy-to-use autopilot built for boats with tillers up to 32 feet long. It mounts simply in the cockpit and has easy controls. Best of all, it’s waterproof.

• Simrad TP10 Tiller Pilot

Prices pulled from the Amazon Product Advertising API on:

Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.

Raymarine ST2000 Plus Tiller Pilot

Raymarine makes a similar line of tiller pilots. This model, A12005, is for vessels weighing up to 10,000 pounds. 

• Add custom text here

Raymarine Pilot EV-400 Autopilot (No Drive Included)

For below-deck mounted systems, Raymarine makes two levels of the computer system–the EV-200 or EV-400. This is the 400, which is big boat approved and will drive their largest Type 3 mechanical or hydraulic drives. Match the correct drive unit to the size and configuration of your vessel. 

This kit also comes with the P70R, a rotary dialed controller for the helmsperson. The knob is a great feature that makes turning the boat in small increments a lot easier. 

• Precision monitoring of heading, pitch, roll, and yaw allowing the Autopilot to Evolve Instantly as Sea conditions and vessel dynamics change

Garmin Reactor 40 Corepack for Mechanical or Retrofit Autopilots

Garmin autopilot systems are based around the Reactor 40 “core pack.” Unfortunately, most of Garmin’s autopilot kits available online are designed for modern boats or those with hydraulic steerings systems. To piece together a kit for a classic sailboat with cable or Edson steering, start with this retrofit core pack directly from Garmin.

This kit includes: 

• Course computer unit
• GHC20 control head
• Electronic control unit (ECU)
• Cables and NMEA2000 connectors

B&G (Simrad) NAC-3 Core Pack and Compass

This kit includes the main computer for the Simrad family of autopilots. You can couple this with any type of drive unit. All controls for the autopilot are accomplished through the B&G Zeus or Vulcan multi-function display. If you want a dedicated control panel, they sell that as well. You may also need a rudder position sensor to make the system work.

Furuno NAVPILOT300

This is an all-in-one solution that requires fewer parts. You’ll still need a drive unit and a heading sensor to make a complete system. 

Top Brands of Sailboat Auto Pilot

As mentioned above, the big names in sailboat instruments all offer autopilot packages. If you’re only replacing the autopilot electronics, keeping everything the same brand makes sense. However, if you’re replacing everything, you have bigger choices to make. 

Garmin applies the lessons they learned by making several generations of aircraft autopilots. Their systems integrate much more than a simple flux-gate compass–their autopilots are built with a full-fledged AHRS (Attitude Heading Reference System).

Using this Autopilot Compatibility Guide , you can figure out which Garmin autopilot is right for you.

Navco is the parent company of three different electronics brands–B&G, Simrad, and Lowrance. That’s a perk because you can mix and match components between the three names at will. B&G is the favored brand for sailboats. The B&G NAC-2 and NAC-3 autopilot computers are the basic start for the typical cruising yacht. High-end racers and luxury boats will want to look into the fancier H5000 autopilot system. 

Simrad sells a line of basic tiller pilots for above-deck autopilot installs on small boats.

Raymarine is one of the older and most trusted brands in marine electronics. Their autopilots are robust and come in any arrangement you like. In addition, they have one of the only above-deck wheel-drive autopilot systems on the market, the EV-100 SAIL. They also have tiller pilots and a complete lineup of below-deck options.

Furuno is an underdog in the recreational marine industry – favored by professionals but often overlooked by the private boat owner. Their autopilot NAVPILOT offerings are adaptive controllers designed to make boat handling easier. Most are designed for outboard hydraulic-steer fishing boats, but their control heads and computers will work with almost any type of setup.

How much does a sailboat autopilot cost?

The cost and complexity of an autopilot system depend on the size of the boat. Small tiller-steered daysailors can usually at a tiller pilot for less than $1000. 

A below-deck autopilot, with all of the components to make it work with your multi-function display, will set most owners back $4,000 or $6,000. In addition, if the boat does not already have a below-deck autopilot, there may be quite a bit of labor necessary to build platforms or brackets to adapt the drive unit to the rudder post.

Do sailing yachts have autopilot?

Yes, most sailboats larger than daysailers have autopilots. These vary in complexity from mechanical windvanes to extensive electronic systems that tie into the boat’s GPS and multi-function displays.

Can you sleep while your boat is on autopilot?

A good autopilot will steer a boat for you, on a constant heading or wind angle, through nearly any conditions. However, it cannot ensure that you don’t hit anything–like another vessel. It is illegal to operate a vessel without a “proper look-out by sight and hearing as well as by all available means appropriate…to make a full appraisal of the situation and or the risk of collision” (COLREGS Rule 5).

Matt has been boating around Florida for over 25 years in everything from small powerboats to large cruising catamarans. He currently lives aboard a 38-foot Cabo Rico sailboat with his wife Lucy and adventure dog Chelsea. Together, they cruise between winters in The Bahamas and summers in the Chesapeake Bay.

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• Yachting World
• Digital Edition

How new-age sailing autopilot systems are putting computers at the helm

• July 14, 2020

Rupert Holmes takes a detailed look at the current state-of-the-art autopilot sailing systems and investigates what the future holds

François Gabart uses leading edge autopilot technology from Madintec. Photo: Vincent Curutchet / ALeA / MACIF

A couple of decades ago I’d have recommended anyone planning an ocean crossing without a big crew to fit wind vane self-steering. Yet in the past five years I’ve sailed more than 20,000 miles, including multiple trips to the Azores and a transatlantic race, relying solely on electronic pilots whether double-handed or solo.

This change is also borne out by the few yachts taking part in the ARC that are still seen with wind vane steering systems. So what has changed in the intervening time? And what can we expect in the next few years?

Firstly, electronics have become much more reliable. We also have many more ways of generating the electricity needed to run them. Most yachts set up for sailing longer distances are therefore no longer primarily reliant on the main engine for charging batteries thanks to solar, hydrogenerators, fuel cells and so on.

B&G’s Triton 1 pilot control pad and display

Finally, compared to the total cost of preparing a yacht for long-distance sailing , fitting a second pilot that’s not reliant on the boat’s main instrument databus is not unduly expensive. If you think having such a back-up is overkill, it’s the approach most of the top short-handed offshore race boats take. And there’s no way they’d carry unwarranted extra weight.

Nevertheless, it’s important to recognise that a back-up pilot is yet another item that needs to be maintained if it is to be relied on at sea.

Today’s units will also steer a far more accurate course, even in very challenging conditions, than early models. If your pilot is close to a decade old the chances are a newer model will steer the boat more accurately. Yet very often the pilot computer of quality yachts only gets replaced when it malfunctions and I’ve seen many immaculately maintained boats from the 1980s and 1990s with their original equipment. It may have been top specification in its day, but new kit will be enormously better.

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Even so, most pilots today are not as good as an alert and skilled crewmember. In offshore racing circles there has been debate about whether pilots should be allowed for fully crewed boats, as well as for short-handed competitors. As a two-handed and solo racer myself I’ve always said “bring it on”.

Outside the realm of the top Class 40s , IMOCA 60s and Ultime trimarans , pilots today are not as fast as a human driver. The prevalence of two-handed boats with someone on the helm for the overwhelming majority of every offshore race is testament to that.

RORC’s 2020 Notice of Race recognises this and permits the use of autopilots and wind vane steering for all competitors.

Autopilot set-up and trimming

To get the best results from most pilots you have to adjust the unit’s settings to suit both your boat and prevailing conditions. Yet this is often something that’s not well understood. For example, Navico CEO (and past Volvo Ocean Race CEO and skipper) Knut Frostad told me he interviewed dozens of boat owners about their electronics during an 18-month transatlantic cruise with his family on their Outremer 5X.

Most units require users to tweak settings for different conditions

One of the big surprises for him was the number of people who didn’t use pilots when shortening sail in difficult conditions, with many saying their unit wouldn’t cope. When he offered to help by looking at their settings, Frostad often found they were obviously incorrect, or were unchanged from factory default.

In the racing world I’ve seen similar, including a new boat at the end of a RORC season with top of the range B&G kit, yet only a couple of very basic settings, such as depth and compass calibration, had been changed to suit the boat.

The difference a properly set up pilot can make is huge. French solo racers talk in terms of ‘trimming the pilot’ in just the same way they talk about sail trim. When racing Figaro 2s British skipper Sam Matson, for instance, said he would often spend 20 minutes with the pilot after a course change to be sure the settings were optimally tuned so that it was steering as well as he could.

We don’t need to go to that level when cruising , but it’s still important to understand how to get the best from the system on your boat. Alternatively, a more recent category of pilots, such as Raymarine’s Evolution series (see below), employ artificial intelligence and so don’t need settings to be adjusted by the user.

System elements

Pilot computer: The core of the system that takes inputs from the various sensors, calculates changes in rudder angle required and activates the drive unit to achieve these.

Drive unit: The equipment that moves the rudder. This will vary depending on the type of boat and simply takes a 12V or 24V feed from the pilot computer.

Pilot controller: The user interface, which usually includes an LCD display and sometimes a remote control.

Sensors: These include rudder angle, wind speed and angle, plus a compass. Boat speed is also needed for true wind angle calculations. A gyro compass that senses the rate of turn, as well as the instantaneous heading, was often used but newer models have a solid-state 9-axis sensor that also measures heel, roll and pitch. These give more accurate data for radar overlays on chart plotters, including MARPA (Mini Automated Radar Plotting Aid) tracking of other vessels.

For optimal performance the quality of wind data is important. Given the sensor is at the masthead it moves around a great deal in big seas causing peaks and troughs in the readings. Traditionally this has been dealt with by damping the signal – taking an average reading over a longer time period – but that’s not a good option if you want a quick pilot response.

NKE gets around this with its High Resolution products that measure the boat’s motion, calculate the movement of the masthead and then uses this data to smooth the wind angle measurements in a process that takes only milliseconds. NKE says the extent to which this reduces rudder movement translates to a reduction in power consumption of up to 40%.

B&G NAC-3 course computer

B&G autopilots

The company offers two levels of pilots. The NAC-3 Autopilot Computer is the basic model in the company’s Triton range that’s designed for boats over 33ft (10m). It takes inputs from the RF25 rudder angle sensor and Precision 9 compass. The latter is a solid-state unit with NMEA outputs for heading, rate of turn, pitch and roll. After calibration, heading accuracy is within 2°.

The pilot computer for the high-end H5000 systems has many more inputs, modes and algorithms that can vastly improve the accuracy of steering, even in the most challenging conditions.

Modes include Gust Response, Recovery and High Wind Response. The level of Gust Response is user selectable to control how aggressively the unit responds to an increase in heel. The Recovery function allows users to define how quickly the pilot responds to being knocked off course by waves or wind shifts. High Wind Response sees the boat bear away in sustained increases in wind speed – ideal when spinnaker reaching.

Unlike the Triton model, the H5000 also has Economy, Normal and Sport modes. In the former the pilot needs to sense large environmental changes before increasing the response setting, whereas at the other end, Sport mode is most sensitive to changing conditions and needs smaller environmental changes before increasing the response setting.

The H5000 pilot is a hugely powerful system, but time is needed to understand all the functions and which one is to best use in a particular circumstance. Even very experienced teams can struggle with these aspects.

NAC-3 Autopilot Computer: £1,566 RF25 rudder angle sensor: £290 Precision 9 compass: £628 H5000 CPUs: £1,550-£3,862 H5000 pilot computer: £2,183

NKE autopilots

This Lorient-based brand is not well known in the UK outside of the short-handed racing circuit, which it dominated for decades. NKE’s GyroPilot was developed in 1995 as the first ever unit to benefit from a gyro compass that can output the rate at which a yacht is turning as well as its instantaneous heading. The difference is dramatic, allowing the GyroPilot to safely steer a racing yacht downwind with the spinnaker set.

The system has been much refined over the years. The current 3D Sensor, for instance, is an inertial measurement unit that measures the boat’s movement and orientation to provide accurate heading, roll and pitch, acceleration and turn rate data.

The company’s Processor HR (High Resolution) and Pilot HR includes the motion reference unit for noise reduction of wind data mentioned earlier. It also benefits from further modes to improve performance in gusts and when surfing.

NKE’s High Resolution Processor

In gust mode the pilot will bear away during the gust, then luff up when the windspeed reduces, exactly as a human driver would when spinnaker-reaching in breezy weather. Surf mode deals with the boat’s acceleration on waves when sailing downwind, with the course adjusted to promote planing, again just like an experienced sailor.

NKE pilots can also be pre-programmed with base settings for use in different conditions, using a matrix that covers running, reaching and close-hauled wind angles in light, medium and heavy airs. Examples of these settings appear to be fairly widely shared, especially among the French short-handed sailing community.

Richard Palmer, who won last year’s RORC Transatlantic Race sailing his JPK 1010 Jangada double-handed with Jeremy Waitt, has used both a standard NKE GyroPilot and the latest HR systems. “The HR pilot certainly performs well sailing upwind to a wind angle, helped by the reduction in noise on the wind instruments,” he says.

“The HR pilot is also more efficient in most conditions and therefore reduces power consumption. However it did require quite a lot of time and effort to set up. It’s not a simple ‘plug & play’ and we are still learning how to adjust the various settings for different conditions.”

GyroPilot 2 Processor: €2,279 GyroPilot display (white): €1,063; GyroPilot display (carbon): €1,828 Regatta processor: €6,424 HR masthead wind sensor: From €1,444 Rudder angle sensor: €362

Garmin Reactor 40 controller

Garmin autopilots

The Reactor series of pilots is designed for both sailing and motor yachts. Both on the dock set up and commissioning at sea is required. After that there’s a user-adjustable gain setting and further parameters can be tweaked from the values calculated during the commissioning process to further improve performance.

Reactor 40 Corepack (including 9-axis sensor): £1,459 GRF10 Rudder Feedback sensor: £200

Raymarine autopilots

For many years autopilots have been able to ‘learn’ the sea state and therefore improve course keeping. Raymarine took this approach a long way further using artificial intelligence (AI) to create its Evolution range of pilot computers that don’t need human intervention to optimise settings for different conditions.

These use AI expertise that was originally developed by Raymarine’s parent company FLIR Systems for use in the aerospace field. As well as not having complex parameters that need changing for different sailing conditions, these products also don’t need calibration – even the compass is plug and play.

Nevertheless Race, Cruising and Leisure modes offer some user input in a manner that’s akin to some automatic cars that have economy, normal driving and sport modes.

When it was first launched the system was thoroughly tested by the short-handed racing community, who worked with Raymarine to iron out a small number of bugs that were apparent when a boat was pushed very hard. Subsequent users therefore have the assurance that if caught out in extreme circumstances the system has been tested to the limit. Nevertheless, as with many other systems, it can struggle when attempting to sail deep downwind under spinnaker, especially in a quartering sea.

EV-200 Sail system pack (excluding drive unit): £2,115

Raymarine’s Evolution pilot computer

Leading-edge autopilot technology

La Rochelle-based Madintec is pioneering the most advanced pilot systems imaginable, including custom solutions for foiling boats from GC32 catamarans to 30m Ultime trimarans.

Ian Lipinski, winner of the Class 40 division in last year’s Transat Jacques Vabre, used a Madintec Madbrain pilot for the race. “As expected, the boat becomes magical from 25 knots of wind,” he reported after the finish. “She flies on the water and passes waves without slowing down. After we got out of the English Channel we never hand steered again and we beat the 24-hour distance record under autopilot!”

The firm’s most exciting area of focus is clearly on its three-dimensional pilots for foiling boats. This field is developing rapidly given that after this year’s Vendée Globe race IMOCA 60s will be allowed T-foils on their rudders so they can fully fly. At the same time, more Mini 650s are now flying, following the ground-breaking work done by Lorient-based SEAir.

The Madintec system controls both the rudders to keep the boat on course and the foils to maintain the correct ride height. This was the system used by François Gabart for his record-breaking 42-day solo circumnavigation on his Ultime trimaran MACIF .

The future of autopilots

Where will this technology eventually lead? While predicting the future is notoriously problematic, there are a number of clear trends that we can confidently expect to continue.

Talking to Shirley Robertson for her excellent podcast last year, Gabart said we can be certain that non-stop round the world times will continue to fall, with the Ultimes able to spend a far greater proportion of the distance up on their foils, even when sailed single-handed. Automated ride height control is also spreading to other parts of the foiling sphere and Gabart expects these systems to benefit from accelerated refinement at the Artemis sailing simulator in Slough, UK.

But what does this mean for cruising sailors? At a basic level, improved pilots with better algorithms and more data inputs will steer existing designs of cruising yacht more efficiently, even in demanding conditions, and without the complex tweaking of settings that is currently often needed. Importantly, accurate steering also increases a boat’s comfort at sea. The reduced motion is less tiring, less liable to create seasickness and should minimise accidents on board.

Looking further ahead it gets far more exciting. The work that companies such as Madintec are pioneering for three dimensional pilot systems for IMOCA 60s, Ultime trimarans and others will also open up the prospect of foiling cruising multihulls that don’t require a team of world-class sailors to handle them.

Granted, these boats would likely need to slow down to Archimedes mode in certain conditions. Sailing from Lanzarote with Giovanni Belgrano on his foiling MOD70 Maserati , it was clear the Atlantic swells on the day I was on board were too close together for the boat to perform at its best.

We still occasionally touched 38 knots of boat speed, but with Maserati repeatedly ploughing into the wave ahead, dropping off the foils in huge clouds of spray, with more than 10 knots knocked off our speed each time.

By contrast, an ultra-fast cruising yacht could take it easy on such days and still be sailing fast. With the benefit of today’s weather forecasting for the most part such a boat would have plenty of opportunity to skirt weather systems, staying largely in favourable conditions.

First published in the June 2020 edition of Yachting World.

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Best Sailboat Autopilot Systems

Autopilots are more than just a luxury. They keep you safe, by keeping the boat on course. But what are the best sailboat autopilot systems?

October 17, 2023

This article may contain affiliate links where we earn a commission from qualifying purchases.

The best choice is a system that has multiple sensors built into the device itself. You want something that can detect wind direction and speed, water conditions and the boat's position from GPS signals. Raymarine, Garmin, Furuno and Simrad make quality autopilot systems that include these features.

Sailboats are wonderful recreational vessels. They provide a relaxing way to spend time on the water, and also allow you to explore new places all over the world. The problem is that they can be hard to maneuver when there's no autopilot system in place. If you want your sailboat adventures to run smoothly, then it's important that you find a reliable autopilot system for your boat!

If you are in the market for a new sailboat autopilot system, then it can be difficult to figure out which one is best. There are many different brands and models that all have their benefits. In this article, our team of experienced sailors will help you determine which autopilot system is best for you.

Table of Contents

‍ 1. Raymarine ST1000 Plus Tiller Pilot

The  Raymarine ST1000 Plus Tiller Pilot  has been around for a while. In fact, it can be considered as the older brother of the ST8002. And if you compare this one to its younger sister, only one word comes to our mind - "performance." Where the newer model was said to produce better results, it turns out that his much older brother (ST1000) is much more effective in terms of performance and features!

So, what's so special about this Tiller Pilot?

First, let us think, why do we need a device like this at all? As boating enthusiasts, we are always looking for new gadgets which can make our boating experience more interesting, easier, or just plain better. So, there are times when it gets quite difficult to handle the boat, especially in windy conditions. That's where a Tiller Pilot comes in handy as it can take over the steering wheel job for you, allowing you to relax and enjoy your sailing trip.

Now, there are many different Tiller Pilots on the market, but we believe that Raymarine ST1000 Plus is one of the best out there. It is simple to use and very reliable, plus it comes with some really neat features which make it stand out from the crowd. One of these features is its ability to hold course even in strong winds and cross currents. This is thanks to its patented Gyro-Compass technology, which ensures precise navigation at all times. So, if you're looking for a quality Tiller Pilot for your boat without breaking the bank - you can't go wrong with this one.

It can handle NMEA data from a variety of sources, such as radar, GPS receiver, wind instrument, and even autopilot interface. So, you can see that it's not just a steering control unit but also an onboard computer with built-in sensors and a GPS receiver.

Furthermore, the AutoTack feature makes the ST1000 Plus a very versatile piece of equipment. With just a touch of a button, it can execute a tack or jibe, making it very easy for you to change course.

It is compatible with most boats out there, so you don't have to worry about compatibility issues too much. But one thing we noticed during our review was the lack of internal navigation charts, which means that you cannot use this Tiller Pilot as a standard Chartplotter unless you connect an external device or buy additional software for this purpose. Despite this drawback, we believe that Raymarine ST1000 Plus is the best Tiller Pilot for your boat available on the market right now!

In conclusion, the Raymarine ST1000 Plus Tiller Pilot is a great piece of kit that will make your sailing trips much more enjoyable. It is simple to use, reliable, and comes with some impressive features. So, if you're looking for a quality Tiller Pilot that won't break the bank - the Raymarine ST1000 Plus is definitely worth considering!

• Power supply: 12V systems
• Weight: 3.4 lbs
• Absolute Voltage Range: 10 to 16V DC
• Connections: NMEA 0183 input | SeaTalk
• Max displacement: 6600 lbs
• Easy to use
• Ideal for tiller-steered sailboats
• Can handle strong winds and currents
• Built-in Gyro-Compass makes steering much easier
• Safe to use when sailing in narrow channels
• No internal navigation charts (you need an additional device)
• Warranty can be improved (two years)
• A tad heavy

2. Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot

The  Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot  is a budget-friendly autopilot that is perfect for small to medium-sized sailboats (up to 35 ft). It is very easy to use and comes with all the features that you would expect from a quality autopilot. But what we really liked about this autopilot was its price point. It is one of the most affordable autopilots on the market, yet it still offers great value for money.

The TP10 is a basic tiller pilot that doesn't come with many bells and whistles. But what it does offer is simplicity and reliability - two things that are essential for any autopilot. It is very easy to install and can be up and running in minutes. And once it's installed, you can just set it and forget it - the TP10 will take care of the steering for you.

The simplicity of this autopilot extends to its design as well, since it features a mix of cutting-edge technological software and simplicity. It also features a five-button display, making it easy to control even in difficult sailing conditions.

According to Simrad, the precision steering on this autopilot system is so good that it can handle currents and winds of up to 10 knots! We didn't test this claim (we don't know how it could, to be honest), but we can confirm that the TP10 Tillerpilot works great for a variety of uses - from docking and navigation to tight channel maneuvering. It is a truly versatile piece of equipment that will provide you with many hours of enjoyment on the water.

And did we mention it is super quiet? Yes, the TP10 is nearly silent - it will make your sailing trips much more enjoyable since you won't have to listen to a loud engine or autopilot noises. And if you're into fishing, then this is just another reason for getting the TP10.

But there are some downsides as well - one of them being its lack of advanced features. If you're looking for an autopilot that can handle sophisticated sailing maneuvers, then the TP10 is not for you. But if you're just looking for a basic autopilot to help you steer your boat in windy conditions, then the TP10 is a great option.

Another downside is that it's not suitable for larger sailboats (above 35 ft) and that its warranty could be better. But despite these small drawbacks, we believe that the Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot is still one of the best autopilots on the market.

Overall, if you're looking for a reliable autopilot for your sailboat - one that doesn't cost an arm and leg - the Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot Complete Review is definitely worth considering! It is affordable, yet it still offers impressive functionality and performance. And while it's not as fancy as its competitors, there's no doubt in our mind that it gets the job

• Power supply: 12 V system
• Weight: 5 lbs
• Absolute Voltage Range: 12V DC
• Connections: N/A
• Max displacement: 10000 lbs
• One of the quietest autopilot systems on the market
• Reliable and easy to use
• Low power consumption
• Accurate steering
• Limited to small and medium-size boats
• Lack of advanced features
• Warranty can be improved

3. Raymarine EV-100 p70 Wheel Pilot Pack

The  EV-100 Wheel Pilot  is one of the most advanced autopilot units available right now, thanks to its unique technology, which allows it to steer accurately even in strong currents and winds. And if that's not enough, you can always rely on its six different types of alarms, which let you know when course deviation is too high!

As for its installation process, it's not the simplest one on the market but still not too bad either. You will need to download the manual from the official website, but after that, it should take you no more than 30 min to have everything up and running! Of course, this depends on your previous experience as well - if you're an expert DIYer, then installing an autopilot won't be much of a problem for you.

Once it's installed, you'll be able to take advantage of its many features. The p70 autopilot is very easy to use and has an intuitive display which makes it perfect for tight maneuvering or docking in difficult conditions. It also comes with wireless remote control, so you can easily adjust the autopilot while sailing.

The EV1 Sensor Core is the heart of this autopilot system, and it ensures maximum accuracy while steering. It can be connected to various sensors, such as wind direction, speed, and GPS, and it also has a built-in compass sensor. This means that you'll always have an accurate reading on where your boat's heading no matter what the conditions are like.

But what we liked best about the Raymarine EV-100 p70 Wheel Pilot Pack was its advanced steering capabilities. It can handle winds and currents up to 15 knots, making it perfect for more experienced sailors. And if you're looking for an autopilot that will last you for years to come, then the Raymarine EV-100 p70 is a good option - it comes with a solid build, and its design is simple yet surprisingly durable!

But that's not all - the EV-100 Wheel Pilot also comes with a waterproof housing unit which gives you the ability to read vital information even in harsh weather conditions. And since it works with all windlasses, you'll be able to use this autopilot system on your boat regardless of make or model.

The only downside we could find is that this autopilot system is quite expensive compared to some of its rivals. Also, it's not recommended for very large boats, meaning that it might not be the best choice for everyone.

To sum up, the EV-100 Wheel Pilot Pack is an advanced piece of equipment that's packed with features. It works well both in regular conditions and when facing stronger currents, plus it comes with an impressive set of sensors that give you accurate readings at all times. So if what you're looking

• Operating Voltage Range: 12V DC - 30V DC
• Power supply: 12V
• Connections: SeaTalk and SeaTalk 1 compliant with NMEA2000 marine networks.
• Max displacement: 16000 lbs
• Weight: 15 lbs (including wheel)
• 3-year warranty
• Very accurate
• Can handle strong currents and winds
• Waterproof housing unit
• Quite expensive compared to some rivals
• Not recommended for very large boats
• Installation process may be difficult for some

4. Garmin GHC 20 Marine Autopilot Helm Control

The  Garmin GHC 20 Marine Autopilot Helm Control  is a great addition to any boat, which is why it has become very popular with boaters in the US. In fact, since you can buy this system from official resellers, it's pretty hard not to find an autopilot system that works for your boat - after all, this piece of equipment can be customized according to your needs!

First of all, we have to say that the installation process is a breeze - most customers will be able to get this autopilot system up and running within an hour or two. The only part which might cause some issues is wiring your boat's battery cables, but even if you run into difficulties with this step, there are plenty of tutorials on YouTube which you can check out.

Once it's installed, the GHC 20 Helm Control is a breeze to use. It features a straightforward menu which makes it easy to change settings or adjust your course. And unlike some autopilot systems on the market, this one doesn't require you to purchase any additional peripherals - it comes with its own built-in GPS sensor as well as an electronic compass. So if you're looking for an autopilot system that's ready to go out of the box, the GHC 20 is a good choice.

This incredible autopilot is built with a 4-inch display and can enhance your nighttime reading ability. This makes it ideal for sailors that prefer to tackle the seas at night.

The only downside of the GHC 20 is that it isn't suitable for sailboats that are over 40 feet in length. This means that it's perfect for smaller vessels, but you might need to consider an alternative option if you have a large boat. The battery life could also be better, but given the bang for buck this autopilot system offer, we're willing to look past these minor inconveniences.

To sum up, if you have a smaller boat, then the GHC 20 is one of the best autopilot systems on the market. It has an intuitive display, comes with its own built-in GPS sensor, and offers real-time navigation capabilities. So, if you want something that can enhance your sailing experience without breaking your bank balance, this product might be what you've been looking for!

• Display: 4″ Anti-Glare Color LCD Display
• Ports: NMEA2K
• Max Displacement: Boats up to 40 ft in length
• Operating Voltage Range: 9V to 32V DC
• Intuitive menu system
• 170-degree viewing angle
• Budget-friendly
• Ideal for night excursions
• Easy installation process
• Short battery life
• Not suitable for larger boats
• Warranty can be improved (2 years only)

5. Furuno NavPilot 711C

The  Furuno NavPilot 711C  is an autopilot system that's specifically designed for larger boats and yachts. It comes with a single-axis drive which makes it perfect if you want to control your boat's heading evenly while sailing at any speed.

As for its installation process, we have to say that this autopilot system is one of the easiest ones to get up and running. You will need to download the manual from the official website (if you're feeling generous, you can also provide them with some feedback!), but after that, you should be able to connect all cables without too many problems! As long as your previous experience installing electronics on a boat isn't very limited, you shouldn't run into difficulties during the process.

The NavPilot 711C also comes with a built-in GPS receiver which ensures that your boat's heading is constantly updated. Plus, it has many other features that make it perfect for larger vessels, such as connecting to up to three different sensors simultaneously. So if you're looking for an autopilot system that can handle any condition, then the Furuno NavPilot 711C is a good option.

The best thing about this autopilot system is its accuracy. According to Furuno, it is capable of offering real-time adjustments even in high-stress sailing conditions. Its self-learning algorithmic system is also a great feature that gives it one up on some of its rivals. And the NavPilot 711C comes with an impressive 3-D graphic that shows you how your boat's all set to sail!

Did we talk about its FishHunter Mode? This mode turns the NavPilot 711C into a powerful fishfinder that can help you locate schools of fish in no time.

Furthermore, the NavPilot 711C requires minimal manual helm input, making it perfect for long voyages. Plus, it provides great mileage efficiency, meaning that you won't be spending too much on gas during your trips. And since it works with up to 3 sensors simultaneously, you'll have a good chance of using this autopilot system even if you're missing some parts.

The only downside of this autopilot system is that it might be expensive compared to some rivals - especially since there's no option to buy accessories individually. The warranty period is also a bit shorter than we would have liked, but that's a small complaint compared to the overall quality of this system.

In conclusion, if you're looking for a reliable autopilot system that will last for years to come, then the Furuno NavPilot 711C is a good option - it was designed with larger boats in mind, and it has an impressive intuitive display. It also works very well even in harsh conditions, so if you want something versatile and accurate, you could certainly do worse than the Furuno NavPilot 711C!

• Power Supply: 12-24V DC
• Display: 4.1″ Color LCD
• Ports: CAN bus (NMEA2000): 1, NMEA0183: 2
• Weight: 4.1 lbs
• Easy installation
• Intuitive display
• Extremely accurate
• Great for larger boats
• Full of features
• Expensive compared to some rivals
• Short warranty period

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Autopilot Systems for Sailboats The Ultimate Guide

Autopilot Systems for Sailboats

An autopilot system is a device that automatically controls the steering of a sailboat. Autopilot systems are used to keep a sailboat on a desired course, even when the boat is not under human control.

There are two main types of autopilot systems for sailboats: mechanical autopilot systems and electronic autopilot systems. Mechanical autopilot systems use a mechanical linkage to connect the autopilot to the rudder. Electronic autopilot systems use a computer to control the rudder.

The following are some of the factors to consider when choosing an autopilot system for your sailboat:

• The size and type of your sailboat
• The sailing conditions you will be using the autopilot in
• Your budget

Installing an autopilot system on your sailboat is a relatively straightforward process. However, it is important to follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully.

Using an autopilot system on your sailboat is also relatively straightforward. However, it is important to understand how the autopilot system works and how to operate it properly.

The following are some tips for maintaining an autopilot system:

• Keep the autopilot system clean and free of debris
• Inspect the autopilot system regularly for signs of wear and tear
• Replace any worn or damaged parts as needed

Troubleshooting an autopilot system can be difficult. However, the following are some tips that may help:

• Check the autopilot system’s power supply
• Check the autopilot system’s sensors
• Check the autopilot system’s software

The cost of an autopilot system for sailboats can vary significantly. However, the average cost of an autopilot system is between $1,000 and $5,000.

There are many benefits to using an autopilot system on your sailboat. Some of the benefits include:

• Increased safety
• Reduced fatigue
• Improved performance

The following are some frequently asked questions about autopilot systems for sailboats:

• Q: What is the difference between a mechanical autopilot system and an electronic autopilot system?
• A: Mechanical autopilot systems use a mechanical linkage to connect the autopilot to the rudder. Electronic autopilot systems use a computer to control the rudder.
• Q: What are the advantages and disadvantages of mechanical autopilot systems?
• A: Mechanical autopilot systems are generally less expensive than electronic autopilot systems. However, they are also less accurate and less reliable.
• Q: What are the advantages and disadvantages of electronic autopilot systems?
• A: Electronic autopilot systems are generally more accurate and more reliable than mechanical autopilot systems. However, they are also more expensive.

What is an autopilot system for sailboats?

An autopilot system for sailboats is a device that automatically controls the steering of a sailboat, allowing the skipper to focus on other tasks such as navigation, sailing, or fishing. Autopilot systems typically use a combination of sensors, such as a gyrocompass, an electronic compass, and a wind sensor, to track the sailboat’s heading and position. The autopilot system then uses this information to calculate the desired course and adjust the rudder accordingly.

II. Types of autopilot systems for sailboats

There are a variety of autopilot systems available for sailboats, each with its own set of features and benefits. Some of the most common types of autopilot systems include:

• Mechanical autopilot systems
• Electric autopilot systems
• Hydraulic autopilot systems
• Electronic autopilot systems

Each type of autopilot system has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the best choice for a particular sailboat will depend on a number of factors, such as the size of the boat, the type of sailing that will be done, and the budget.

Mechanical autopilot systems are the simplest and most affordable type of autopilot system. They are typically powered by a small electric motor, and they use a mechanical linkage to connect to the rudder. Mechanical autopilot systems are relatively easy to install and maintain, but they are not as accurate or precise as other types of autopilot systems.

Electric autopilot systems are more complex and expensive than mechanical autopilot systems, but they are also more accurate and precise. Electric autopilot systems use a small electric motor to drive a hydraulic ram, which in turn turns the rudder. Electric autopilot systems are typically more reliable than mechanical autopilot systems, but they can be more difficult to install and maintain.

Hydraulic autopilot systems are the most powerful and accurate type of autopilot system. They use a hydraulic pump to drive a hydraulic ram, which in turn turns the rudder. Hydraulic autopilot systems are typically used on large sailboats or racing sailboats. They are very accurate and precise, but they can be expensive and difficult to install and maintain.

Electronic autopilot systems are the most advanced type of autopilot system. They use a computer to control the rudder. Electronic autopilot systems are very accurate and precise, and they can be programmed to follow a variety of different courses. Electronic autopilot systems are typically the most expensive type of autopilot system, but they are also the most versatile.

4. Using an autopilot system on your sailboat

Once you have installed your autopilot system, you can begin using it to steer your sailboat. Here are some tips for using an autopilot system effectively:

• Set the desired course before engaging the autopilot.
• Adjust the heading and speed controls as needed to keep your sailboat on course.
• Monitor the autopilot system regularly to make sure it is working properly.
• Be prepared to take over manual steering if necessary.

Using an autopilot system can make sailing much easier, but it is important to be aware of its limitations. Autopilot systems are not perfect, and they can sometimes make mistakes. It is always important to be prepared to take over manual steering if necessary.

V. Using an autopilot system on your sailboat

Once you have installed and configured your autopilot system, you can start using it to steer your sailboat. Here are some tips for using an autopilot system:

• Set the desired course on the autopilot controller.
• Adjust the rudder angle and speed as needed to keep the boat on course.
• Monitor the autopilot system to make sure it is working properly.

Using an autopilot system can make sailing much easier, but it is important to be aware of its limitations and to be prepared to take over manual steering if necessary.

This section answers some of the most common questions about autopilot systems for sailboats.

Q: What is an autopilot system for sailboats? A: An autopilot system is a device that automatically controls the steering of a sailboat. It can be used to keep the boat on a desired course, or to follow a pre-programmed route.

Q: What are the different types of autopilot systems for sailboats? A: There are two main types of autopilot systems for sailboats: mechanical and electronic. Mechanical autopilot systems use a mechanical linkage to connect the autopilot to the rudder. Electronic autopilot systems use a computer to control the rudder.

Q: How do I choose the right autopilot system for my sailboat? A: There are a number of factors to consider when choosing an autopilot system for your sailboat, including the size of your boat, the type of sailing you do, and your budget.

Q: How do I install an autopilot system on my sailboat? A: Installing an autopilot system on your sailboat can be a complex task, and it is important to follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully. However, in general, the process involves mounting the autopilot unit to the boat, connecting the autopilot to the rudder, and calibrating the autopilot.

Q: How do I use an autopilot system on my sailboat? A: Using an autopilot system on your sailboat is relatively straightforward. Once the autopilot is installed and calibrated, you can simply turn it on and set the desired course. The autopilot will then take over the steering of the boat and keep it on course.

Q: How do I maintain an autopilot system? A: Maintaining an autopilot system is important to ensure that it continues to function properly. The specific maintenance requirements will vary depending on the type of autopilot system you have, but in general, you should regularly check the system for signs of wear and tear, and clean and lubricate the moving parts as needed.

Q: How do I troubleshoot an autopilot system? A: If your autopilot system is not working properly, there are a few things you can check to troubleshoot the problem. First, check the power supply to make sure that the system is getting enough power. Second, check the connections to make sure that they are secure. Third, check the settings to make sure that they are correct. If you are still having problems, you may need to contact the manufacturer for assistance.

Q: How much does an autopilot system for sailboats cost? The cost of an autopilot system for sailboats can vary significantly, depending on the type of system you choose, the features it offers, and the manufacturer. In general, you can expect to pay anywhere from a few hundred dollars to several thousand dollars for an autopilot system.

Q: What are the benefits of using an autopilot system? There are a number of benefits to using an autopilot system on your sailboat, including:

• Greater comfort

VII. Troubleshooting an autopilot system

If your autopilot system is not working properly, there are a few things you can check to troubleshoot the problem.

• Check the power supply to the autopilot system. Make sure that the battery is properly connected and charged, and that the power switch is turned on.
• Check the wiring to the autopilot system. Make sure that all of the wires are connected securely and that there are no damaged wires.
• Check the sensors on the autopilot system. Make sure that the sensors are clean and free of obstructions.
• Check the software on the autopilot system. Make sure that the software is up to date and that there are no bugs.

If you have checked all of these things and the autopilot system is still not working, you may need to contact the manufacturer for assistance.

Cost of autopilot systems for sailboats

The cost of an autopilot system for sailboats can vary significantly, depending on the type of system, the features and capabilities, and the brand. Basic autopilot systems can start at around $500, while more advanced systems can cost upwards of $10,000.

Here is a general breakdown of the cost of different types of autopilot systems for sailboats:

• Basic autopilot systems: $500-1,000
• Mid-range autopilot systems: $1,000-3,000
• Advanced autopilot systems: $3,000-10,000

In addition to the initial cost of the autopilot system, you should also factor in the cost of installation and maintenance. Installation costs can range from $100 to $500, depending on the complexity of the system and the expertise of the installer. Maintenance costs can range from $50 to $100 per year, depending on the type of system and the frequency of use.

Overall, the cost of an autopilot system for sailboats is a significant investment. However, for many sailors, the benefits of having an autopilot system far outweigh the cost.

There are many benefits to using an autopilot system on your sailboat, including:

• Increased comfort

An autopilot system can help to keep your sailboat on course, even in rough conditions, which can reduce the risk of accidents. It can also help to reduce fatigue by taking over the steering duties, allowing you to relax and enjoy the sailing experience. An autopilot system can also help to improve your boat’s performance by keeping it on course and preventing it from drifting. Finally, an autopilot system can increase your comfort by allowing you to sit back and relax while your boat sails itself.

Q: What is an autopilot system for sailboats?

A: An autopilot system is a device that automatically controls the steering of a sailboat. It can be used to keep the boat on a desired course, even in windy conditions, or to follow a pre-programmed route.

Q: What are the different types of autopilot systems for sailboats?

A: There are two main types of autopilot systems for sailboats: mechanical and electronic. Mechanical autopilot systems use a mechanical linkage to connect the autopilot to the rudder. Electronic autopilot systems use a computer to control the rudder.

Q: How do I choose the right autopilot system for my sailboat?

A: There are a number of factors to consider when choosing an autopilot system for your sailboat, including the size of your boat, the type of sailing you do, and your budget.

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The Helmsman's Friend - A Sailboat Autopilot

A sailboat autopilot is a thirsty beast, drinking your battery juice as if its life depended on it - which of course it does. So is it best to forego one of these and hand steer all day, for mile after mile, hour after hour? I don't think so...

So, providing your boat's batteries can keep up with its electrical appetite, an autopilot deserves a place on any sailboat, large or small.

Whilst larger boats will need a powerful inboard type working directly on the primary steering mechanism, one of the cockpit models will suit the smaller boats.

There are two cockpit versions of autopilots - one for wheel-steered boats and another for tillers.

All types rely on fluxgate compasses keep them on the straight and narrow.

Cockpit Versions of Sailboat Autopilots

For tiller-steered sailboats.

Autopilots for tiller steered vessels - or 'tillerpilots' as they are widely known - are the simplest form of sailboat autopilot, in which an electric motor is connected via a transmission mechanism directly to a push rod. The push rod extends or retracts to move the tiller.

Small tiller-pilots, suitable for boats up to around 4,500kg displacement, consist of a single module which includes the compass, the control unit, the motor and push rod.

In larger models, suitable for boats up to around 7,500kg displacement, the control unit and compass are separate modules. All tiller autopilots tend to be a little noisy - rather like the distant yapping of a small dog.

For Wheel-Steered Sailboats

Autopilots for wheel steered vessels are very similar to the tiller version, except that course corrections are applied to the wheel by a belt, rather than a pushrod.

Many offshore sailors choose to equip their sailboats with both  windvane self-steering gear  and an electronic autopilot - the former to steer the boat when sailing and the latter for use under power, when the electrical supply will be plentiful. 

A Fully Integrated Sailboat Autopilot System

In recent years the trend towards instrument system integration has extended to include those cockpit autopilots that have a separate control/display unit.

To get the most out of such units you need to integrate them with a compatible GPS or chartplotter , and a wind instrument either mounted at the masthead or at the stern of the boat. This gives three main operating modes:~

• Auto - the autopilot is locked onto a heading;
• Track - the autopilot is locked onto a track between two waypoints;
• Wind Vane - the autopilot maintains a course relative to the apparent wind. However, in practice if there's much of a swell running, neither a masthead instrument nor a stern-mounted one will give a particularly satisfactory result. The masthead unit will suffer from the motion of the boat, and a stern-mounted unit will be operating in a disturbed airflow. The resulting impulses have to be damped and processed to obtain a useful signal.

All sorts of data display and functionality is now available on the display unit - cross-track error, off-course alarm, waypoint proximity alarm, windshift alarm and so on.

One very useful function is 'Autotack', initiated by some judicious button pressing. Great news for a short-handed crew, who can now deal with the sails while the autopilot is putting the boat about.

Inboard Sailboat Autopilots

This type of autopilot can do all of the clever stuff mentioned above and lots more, being usually fully integrated with the boats navigational system.

They're much more powerful than the cockpit versions, suitable for large sailing boats and power boats, and a deal more expensive as a result.

Instead of connection to a tiller or wheel, they use push rods or hydraulic systems connected to the rudder post (or quadrant) to turn the main rudder directly.

Feeding the Beast

Power consumption of an electronic sailboat autopilot can be significant, the key factors affecting it being:~

• Sail trim - poorly trimmed sails and excessive weather helm;
• Sea state - bigger seas and increased yawing require more frequent steering adjustments;
• Autopilot setting - the more precise the course setting, the greater the work to be done by the autopilot;
• Boat displacement and waterline length - the more boat there is to move, the greater the greater the work to be done by the autopilot;
• Underwater shape - notwithstanding the tracking properties of a long-keeler, a keel-mounted rudder will require more force because it's impossible to balance, whereas a fully balanced spade rudder will be lightest on the helm.

It has to be said though, that if your battery charging regime has a weakness, an electronic sailboat autopilot will find it.

Linking a Tiller Pilot and a Vane Gear.

By removing the windvane from a vane-gear and connecting a small tiller autopilot in its place you can now use a vane-gear when under power. The pendulum or trim-tab now works with the autopilot, greatly reducing power consumption.

Some windvane gears, like the Auto-Helm and the Windpilot Pacifics for example, are constructed with this in mind and have the connection fitting built in. Other vane gear manufacturers don't recommend this approach, believing that the turbulence of the prop-wash can damage the pendulum blade bearings.

Next: Comparing a Sailboat Autopilot with Self-Steering Gears...

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Best Autopilot For Sailboats of 2024

Unless you plan on growing multiple limbs or you have a large, regular sailing crew, then it’s inevitable that at some point you’ll need an autopilot to help you stay on course while you adjust the sails or grab something from below deck. Autopilots are useful for both the day sailors that enjoy exploring their home harbors and waters and for cruisers who plan on sailing at night and for weeks on end. Whether you have a tiller-steered sailboat or a mechanically-steered boat, there’s an autopilot that will work for you and your vessel. We’ve put together a guide to help you find the best autopilot for sailboats and for the type of excursions that you enjoy. Take a look, and see you out there, sailor!

For more of our top sailing gear recommendations, check out the Best Marine GPS Chartplotters .

Quick Answer - The Best Autopilot For Sailboats

• Raymarine ST1000 Plus Tiller Pilot View at Amazon
• Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot View at Amazon
• Raymarine M81131 12 Volt Type 2 Autopilot Linear Drive View at Amazon
• Garmin GHC 20 Marine Autopilot Helm Control View at Amazon
• Raymarine Evolution Ev-200 Sail Autopilot View at Amazon

Comparison Table - Best Autopilot For Sailboats

Reviews - best sailboat autopilot, raymarine st1000 plus tiller pilot.

• Best Use : Tiller-steered Sailboats
• Warranty : 2 years
• Display Type : Backlit LCD
• Voltage : 10-16V DC
• Thrust : 125 lbs.
• Data Interface : SeaTalk, NMEA 0183
• Max. Recommended Displacement : 6,000 lbs.
• Improved Waterproofing Ensures That You’ll Be Able To Use This Autopilot In Calm Seas And Stormy Weather
• Intelligent Software Minimizes Draw On The Battery For Longer Battery Life
• Simple Six-Button Keypad Makes It Easy To Use This Autopilot

BEST FOR: AFFORDABLE PERFORMANCE

This classic tiller autopilot is the perfect accessory for your day sailing vessel. The ST1000 can accept NMEA data with its intelligent software for accurate navigation to a waypoint. The backlit LCD display shows you your locked course and navigational data and information, even in the evening or low-light conditions. This autopilot also has an AutoTack feature, which will tack the boat for you while you adjust and handle the sheets and sails. Finally, the autopilot comes with everything you’ll need to install and use your device, including mounting socket, tiller pilot socket, gasket, cable clip, and clamp, among other items.

Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot

• Warranty : N/A
• Display Type : N/A
• Voltage : 12V DC
• Thrust : 143 lbs.
• Data Interface : N/A
• Max. Recommended Displacement : 10,000 lbs.
• Precision Steering In A Variety Of Weather And Water Conditions
• Runs Very Quietly So That You Can Enjoy The Natural Sounds Of The Water
• Waterproof Sealing Protects Against Spray And The Elements

BEST FOR: SAILBOATS UP TO 32’ IN LENGTH

If your sailboat is tiller-steered and 32 feet or less in length, than this Simrad TP10 TillerPilot is a great autopilot option for you. The combination of the advanced software in this autopilot with its simple, five-key display and controls make this device really user-friendly and effective in all types of weather conditions. This autopilot also includes battery use optimization with a low-power draw so that your battery lasts longer, even with prolonged use. Finally, this autopilot is designed with the sailor in mind. It runs extremely quietly so that you can truly get away from it all and enjoy your time on the water without whirring and interruption from the autopilot.

Raymarine M81131 12 Volt Type 2 Autopilot Linear Drive

• Type : Linear Drive unit
• Best Use : Mechanically-steered Sailboats
• Voltage : N/A
• Data Interface : SeaTalk, NMEA 2000
• Max. Recommended Displacement : 33,000 lbs.
• High Performance With Minimal Electric Current Consumption
• Quiet Operation For Optimal Sailing Experience Without Extra Machine Noises Interrupting Your Peace And Quiet
• Two Year Warranty For Added Security

BEST FOR: SEASONAL CRUISERS

Do you spend your winters cruising south towards Florida or the Carribean? If so, the Raymarine M81131 12 Volt Type 2 Autopilot Linear Drive might be right for you and your vessel. This autopilot is designed for sailboats with existing mechanical steering systems; if your vessel is large enough to have a full motor system, then you’ll want this type of autopilot with a powerful thrust and an electromagnetic fail-safe clutch. Finally, this system works in coordination with SeaTalk and NMEA 2000 navigation data so that you can count on precision navigation from your home port to a waypoint.

Garmin GHC 20 Marine Autopilot Helm Control

• Best Use : Power & Sailboats under 40 feet in length
• Warranty : 2-year limited (Owner Installed); 2-year parts and onboard (Certified Installer)
• Display Type : Glass-Bonded, Anti-Glare Color TFT Lens
• Voltage : 9-32V DC
• Thrust : N/A
• Data Interface : NMEA 2K
• Max. Recommended Displacement : Best for Power & Sailboats under 40 feet in length
• Bright Four Inch Display With Glass-Bonded, Anti-Glare Lens For Optimal Viewing
• Daylight Readability Is Enhanced By High-Contrast Color Scheme
• Compatible With Quatix Marine Watch And Other Garmin Products

BEST FOR: OVERNIGHT EXCURSIONS

If you’re headed out on a multi-day excursion which might require some overnight cruising, you’re going to need an autopilot with a display that you can read well in low light conditions and at nighttime. This Garmin GHC 20 Marine Autopilot Helm Control is the perfect product for that type of an adventure. 

Its four inch display with enhanced nighttime readability and glass-bonded, anti-glare lens to prevent fogging and glare in sunny conditions will help you maintain control in all types of conditions, at all times of day. It also has a 170 degree viewing angle, so whether you’re up on deck adjusting the sails or below deck grabbing an extra sheet, you’ll be able to glance over at the display and see what’s going on. This autopilot also works for both power and sailing vessels. Finally, its five-button control is easy to use, so you’ll be off on your sailing adventure before you know it.

Raymarine Evolution Ev-200 Sail Autopilot

• Best Use : Mid-Size Mechanically-Steered Sailboats
• Warranty : 2 years; 3 years with product registration
• Thrust : 650 lbs.
• Max. Recommended Displacement : 24,000 lbs.
• Contains A High Tech Sensor And Full-Function Course Computer
• Uses Artificial Intelligence Algorithms To Maximize Performance, Instead Of Manual Calibration
• EV Sensor Core (GPS Unit) Can Be Mounted Above Or Below Deck

BEST FOR: SAILBOATS WITH MECHANICAL STEERING

If you’re looking for a powerful, tech-forward autopilot with cutting edge navigation technology, then the Raymarine Evolution EV-200 Sail Autopilot might be the right one for you. Designed with sophisticated AI algorithms that perceive the environment and instantly calculate and evolve steering commands, this autopilot optimizes your cruising experience without the need for manual calibration or adjustment. The result is precise steering and course keeping, regardless of the vessel speed or sea conditions. Finally, the package includes the EV sensor core, which is similar to a marine GPS unit. It can be bracket-mounted either above or below deck, depending on space and convenience.

THINGS TO CONSIDER WHEN BUYING AUTOPILOTS FOR SAILBOATS

It’s important to consider the size of your sailboat before you purchase an autopilot. Autopilots are designed with specific thrust and power draws depending on the boat that it’s optimized for. Be sure to know the length of your boat as well as the water displacement (in pounds) so that you can choose the optimal autopilot device for you.

STEERING TYPE

Autopilots are a complicated piece of technology designed to keep you on course when you can’t be at the helm. If your sailboat is steered with a tiller, then you’ll be looking at the tiller-steered category of autopilots. If it’s mechanically steered, then you’ll be shopping for autopilots that are compatible with that type of a system. West Marine has a great resource archive for everything you need to know about sailing. Check out this informational article on  selecting an autopilot for more information.

HOW YOU USE YOUR SAILBOAT

Do you like to go out for the day to explore the area around your home port or do you cruise down to the Caribbean seasonally in winter? Are you able to handle your sailboat by yourself or do you typically need a crew? These are all types of questions to ask yourself before investing in an autopilot. Consider the type of boat that you have and how you enjoy using it to choose the best sailing autopilot unit for you.

FEATURES EXPLAINED

A horizontal bar fitted to the rudder of the boat and used as a lever for steering.

This term refers to the main body of the boat, including the sides, bottom, and deck, but excluding the mast, sails, rigging, and other features.

This term refers to the way a sailboat is maneuvered. If your desired course is into the wind, the boat is turned toward the wind so that the direction from which the wind blows changes from one side to the other, thereby allowing forward progress.

The helm of the boat is the place from which the boat is steered.

The sheets refer to the ropes or lines that adjust the movable portions of the sails.

This term refers to the front end of the sailboat.

The stern is the back end of the sailboat.

The port side of the sailboat is the left side of the boat when facing forwards towards the bow (or front) of the vessel.

The starboard side of the sailboat is the right side of the boat when facing forwards towards the bow or front of the vessel.

For more of our top sailing gear recommendations, check out these popular buyer's guides:

Sailboat Anchors

Sailboat Winches

Sailing Shoes

Solar Panels for Sailboats

Bilge Pumps

Why fight the wheel…

Make life easy, power and reliability, whenever you need it, octopus offers a selection of autopilot drive systems that are engineered to deliver unparalleled performance and years of reliable service on a wide range of vessels., our products, octopus drives.

Whatever your auto-steering needs, from fishing boats and sailboats to yachts of all sizes and commercial vessels, Octopus has the right drive for you.

Octopus pumps.

Octopus Hydraulic Reversing and Constant Running Pumps are reliable, powerful, and economical solutions for a wide range of steering cylinders.

Intellisteer: wireless steering, boat steering has never been so easy, intellisteer supports boats with or without existing autopilot systems, outboard motors, hydraulic steering, and cable steering. whatever your remote steering needs, intellisteer has the right steering kit for you..

Unparalleled Performance, Reliability, and Durability!

We have been designing, manufacturing and marketing autopilot drives for over 20 years.  we hold patents on several unique devices that enhance drive performance, and supply drives to most of the marine industry’s leading autopilot manufactures for resale within their autopilot packages., testimonials.

At Sound Sailing Center, we like to research and select the best products for our customers. This is certainly one of the reasons we are often the largest East Coast dealer for Hanse Yachts. Furthermore, with a sister product development company (Dutchman) we are familiar with the challenges facing companies in the Marine Industry.

For sailboat installations, flexibility is the key, which is one of the primary reasons we selected an Octopus Drive. The many options seemed overfill at first, but by making a simple mockup of the drive (using an old caulking cartridge and a outer tube) and trying out different installation configurations, we quickly were able to select the best drive, which saved a considerable amount of installation time.

We will be using your drives on all future installations.

Sound Sailing Centre , Hanse Brokerage

Although not exactly plug and play, installing the autopilot was not a difficult job. A bit of research and planning were required. Choosing locations for the components and configuring a strong enough mounting arrangement for the drive unit required the most effort.

The Octopus drive was not only less expensive than the proprietary unit, but more importantly provided utility and convenience with its longer travel and remotely mounted pump.

Seamless integration with our existing instrument system was a major benefit, as the autopilot can now do about everything a human helmsman can do, except keep a lookout.

I heard about Octopus Drives through an internet search. I started to research your unit and was very impressed. The pdf files online were easy to understand and I could picture myself installing your unit. Every dealer talks about how hard it is to install an autopilot system and shame on me for believing them.

The Octopus Type B connection kit was a breeze, I had that installed within 45 minutes, it could not have been easier.

Overall the unit has been great, my wife and I recently fished some difficult seas with 2 ft. waves coming from the north and 4 ft. rollers from the SW left over from the night before. The autopilot kept me on a straight line, better than I could have.

The whole time Kim and I were busy at the back with no worries on getting back to the helm. Your autopilot saved my marriage!

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Autopilot technology is advantageous for boaters in many ways, including convenience, voyage efficiency, fuel savings, and safety. But what are autopilots, and how do they work?

What are Boat Autopilot Systems

An autopilot is a combination of electric or electronic navigation tools that steer a vessel without continual hands-on involvement. Autopilots allow short- or single-handed sailors and boaters to leave the helm to trim or rig sails, adjust lines, set anchor, eat without interruption, take short naps, or other activities while not at the helm.

Autopilots have been used on commercial, sail, and power vessels for over a century, in various forms, making navigation safer and more convenient. Mariners have called autopilots by nicknames, like “Iron Mike,” “Otto,” or “the silent crew.” Autopilots for smaller vessels are generally priced below $1,000, with limited features. Below-deck units for larger boats that perform complex functions can cost upwards of $3,000.

How Boat Autopilots Work 

Autopilots work much like cruise control on a vehicle, except that manual control of the tiller or steering wheel is not needed: After the vessel is steadied on a desired heading for a few seconds, an “Auto” button is pushed and the autopilot takes over. The computer remembers the heading and adjusts rudder position to keep the vessel on the selected course, even in high winds, strong currents, or over/under steering situations. 

Autopilots generally consist of three main components: a course computer (also called a central processing unit) that contains a compass, a drive unit that applies force to move the rudder, and a control unit.

Different Types of Boat Autopilot Systems

Autopilots come in a variety of arrangements, dictated by vessel length, displacement and steering type, including above-deck units and below-deck units, described below. An older type, a wind vane, transfers wind energy from a vertical air paddle to a trim tab or water paddle affixed to the rudder. Wind vanes have mostly disappeared, replaced by modern autopilots.

Above-Deck Tiller and Wheel Autopilots

Above-deck autopilots are common on smaller sailing and power vessels (generally 40 feet and under) with tillers or steering wheels. The equipment is easy to operate, inexpensive, uses simple electric connections, and is energy efficient. The variety of available small boat autopilots makes them affordable, even for the occasional boater.

Most tiller autopilots use an electric ram mounted between the tiller and a gunwale fitting to control the rudder. The computer sends a signal to the ram to move the tiller, which adjusts the rudder to stay on course. Depending on configuration, some units connect directly to the top of the rudder.

The other type of above-deck autopilot is used on boats with steering wheels. The autopilot connects directly to the boat’s wheel drive with a belt or toothed gears to move the wheel, powered by a small motor.

Below-Deck Autopilots

Below-deck autopilots are best for sail and powerboats over 40 feet. They are more powerful, able to perform a wider range of functions, and provide better steering for long distance cruising, but also use more electricity and require exacting installation. The three below-deck autopilot components are described below: 

• Course Computer : The autopilot possesses course headings and other data. The computer usually contains the most critical component, the fluxgate compass. Compass: The device that generates vessel headings, usually a fluxgate type. The fluxgate provides a stable, long-term directional reference and works with a rate gyro compass. Boaters should know how these compasses function:  
• Fluxgate Compass : Uses electronics to generate course headings and communicates with the rate gyro compass. Fluxgate compass data can be interfaced with chart plotters, GPS, and radar.
• Rate Gyro Compass : Indicates angular change relative to a course heading over short periods, not direction. Used to control pitch-and-roll movement, the rate gyro provides fast, accurate data and corrects fluxgate compass errors.
• The magnetic compass, which uses the earth’s magnetic pull to establish the north direction, serves as a reference for comparison to autopilot data. 
• Linear : The most common type on sailboats which moves the rudder directly from the tiller arm or rudder using electricity.
• Rotary : Used on chain and cable steering (wheeled) systems that may use sprockets ranging from 13 to 25 teeth.
• Hydraulic : For boats with hydraulic steering systems. The drive unit must match the size of the existing hydraulic ram. 
• Control Unit : The interface between the helmsman and autopilot, usually with an LED display on a control panel with knobs, joysticks, or buttons.

Autopilot Advantages

Autopilots provide several advantages to sailors and boaters:   

• Save fuel by reducing cruising time, particularly on vessels with a GPS interface. Have an infinite attention span and do not tire. Helpful when sail or power boating with a short- or single-handed crew.
• For anglers, pre-programmed trolling patterns can make fishing more productive.
• Many models are “self learning,” meaning they remember helm positions needed to hold a course and prevent over/under steering.
• An autopilot’s ability to hold a steady course without a helmsman has made them almost standard equipment on larger sail and powerboats. 

Disadvantages of Autopilots

There are some disadvantages to autopilots: 

• If autopilot components need repair, recalibration, or replacement during a voyage, getting service, especially in foreign ports, may be difficult.
• Heavy weather can affect how quickly an autopilot responds with helm corrections and works harder at maintaining headings in adverse conditions, which can strain the electrical system.
• Water intrusion and corrosion in the computer, drive motor components and wired connections can cause an autopilot to fail or generate faulty data.
• Even for short periods, an unattended helm without an engaged autopilot can put the boat off course and create potentially dangerous or unsafe situations.
• The electric power needed to operate an autopilot during rough weather and heavy use can be high and sudden energy spikes can cause the unit to fail or generate faulty data.

When an Autopilot Should Not Be Used

In some conditions, navigating a vessel with an engaged autopilot can create potentially dangerous conditions. For example, if underway on waterways with heavy vessel traffic, known underwater hazards or shallow water or areas where crab pots are deployed are two situations when the helm should be manned. The autopilot should not be engaged while docking or maneuvering in close-quarters. 

Tips for Safe Autopilot Use

• Brief all crewmembers on how to engage/disengage the autopilot.
• Constant awareness 360 degrees around a vessel is critical, even with an engaged autopilot.
• Should an autopilot fail or generate suspect data, immediately disengage the unit, check the magnetic compass and adjust as needed.  
• Most autopilot hardware is waterproof, but should be cleaned after a voyage. Below-deck units should be mounted in a dry, well-ventilated area, as they generate considerable heat.
• The speed at which an autopilot makes course corrections can be a safety issue. Speed is gauged by the amount of heading change (in degrees) per second as the helm is moved.  
• The drive unit should have a dedicated breaker connected directly to the vessel’s main electric panel.
• To check autopilot heading accuracy, “swing the compass,” which is slowly turning the boat in a circle while the computer makes corrections.

Marine autopilots utilize innovations in aviation and land transportation as add-on features or standard equipment, such as:   

• One-touch buttons that allow course locking and/or GPS waypoint tracking.
• Rudder angle indicators that show where the rudder is pointed; the units can also indicate how fast the rudder reacts to helm commands.  
• Radar and chartplotters that detect close-aboard obstructions or vessels. If a threat exists, an alarm sounds and the boat is automatically steered to a safe heading.
• Remote controls that allow adjustments away from the helm, with ranges up to 40 feet.
• Small, LED screen “repeaters” that relay course headings from the computer and mounted in bunk areas or the galley.
• Sensors indicating when a vessel is about to surf. The computer senses when the boat is at the bottom of a wave and steers to the next set of waves.
• Programs that follow underwater depth contours, especially useful to anglers. 
• Small transmitters worn by the crew. If a crewmember goes overboard, the computer steers the vessel into a stall so the man overboard can be retrieved.

Installed and calibrated correctly and utilized as intended, autopilots of any size and type can enhance enjoyment, efficiency, and safety during a voyage. 

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The 4 Best Autopilots For Small Boats

Top boat autopilot systems will assist skippers and captains in operating a vessel on the water.

There are a number of top small boat autopilot systems to choose from with each designed with its own unique strengths.

The best autopilots for small boats are:

• Best For Small Motorboats : Garmin Compact Reactor40 Autopilot
• Best For Small Sailboats : Raymarine EV-100 Wheel Pilot Pack
• Best For Both Inboard & Outboard Boats : Furuno Navpilot 711C
• Best For Tiller Steered Boats : Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot

Great marine autopilot systems are capable of adapting to changing marine conditions and responding appropriately to maintain a steady course.

We include products we think are useful for our readers. If you buy through links on this page, we may earn a small commission.

1. Garmin Compact Reactor40 Autopilot

The first best marine autopilot is the Garmin Compact Reactor40 Autopilot. The Garmin Compact Reactor40 Autopilot is manufactured by the brand Garmin in Taiwan and sold worldwide. We rate this autopilot system 9.9/10. This is the best autopilot for small motorboats.

The Garmin Compact Reactor40 Autopilot is designed for motorboats less than 30ft. with a single-engine outboard motor of 20 horsepower or less.

Most retailers price the Garmin Compact Reactor40 Autopilot between $2,000 to $2,400. The Garmin Compact Reactor40 Autopilot comes with a limited 1-year warranty which ensures the autopilot will be free from defects in materials or workmanship.

To use the Garmin Compact Reactor40 Autopilot, a minimum 10v power supply is required.

The installation time of the Garmin Compact Reactor40 Autopilot System is between 15 and 25 minutes from start to finish.

The Garmin Compact Reactor40 Autopilot System can be used in winds up to 20 knots.

With winds over 10 knots, using the remote control to adjust the autopilot throttle settings helps maintain the heading, minimize heading error and keep the boat on course.

The Garmin Compact Reactor40 Autopilot System can operate in temperatures from 5°F to 158°F.

The Garmin Compact Reactor40 Autopilot System package includes a 9-axis attitude and heading reference system, 1 GHC 20 helm control with 4.3" display, 1 NMEA 2000 2 meter drop cable, 1 NMEA 2000 power cable, NMEA 2000 T-connectors, male and female terminators, buzzer, interconnect cable, electronic control unit, ECU power cable, 1.0 L pump, reactor 40 CCU, wall mounts, installation and owner operations manuals and 1 warranty registration booklet.

The Garmin Compact Reactor40 Autopilot System weighs 14.4 pounds. It has a waterproof rating of IPX6. It is black in color.

The benefits of the Garmin Compact Reactor40 Autopilot System are:

• Easily operated remotely : The Garmin Compact Reactor40 Autopilot System can easily be operated by using a remote control to adjust heading and throttle settings without the need to be at the helm
• ISO 9001 certified : The Garmin Compact Reactor40 Autopilot System is ISO 9001 certified which means it meets North American manufacturing and design quality standards
• Fast Installation : This autopilot system can be installed quickly in under 25 minutes

Two disadvantages of the Garmin Compact Reactor40 Autopilot are it is not compatible with motorboats over 30 feet and it will only function on outboard engine motorboats only.

Garmin Compact Autopilot System On Amazon →

Garmin Compact Autopilot System On Walmart →

2. Raymarine EV-100 Wheel Pilot Pack

The second best marine autopilot is the Raymarine EV-100 Wheel Pilot Pack. The Raymarine EV-100 Wheel Pilot Pack is manufactured by the brand Raymarine and sold worldwide. We rate this autopilot system 9.8/10. This is the best autopilot for small sailboats.

This Raymarine autopilot system is designed for small sailboats where the sailboat has a maximum displacement of 16,500 pounds and is under 40ft.

Most retailers price the Raymarine Wheel Pilot Pack between $1,750 to $2,000. The Raymarine EV-100 Wheel Pilot Pack autopilot system comes with a limited 2-year warranty with the option of upgrading the warranty period to 3 years free of charge.

To upgrade the warranty to 3 years free of charge, Raymarine EV-100 Wheel Pilot Pack Autopilot System buyers will need to register their product on the Raymarine website.

To use the Raymarine EV-100 Wheel Pilot Pack Autopilot System, a minimum 12v power supply is required.

The installation time of the Raymarine EV-100 Wheel Pilot Pack Autopilot System is between 23 and 33 minutes from start to finish.

The Raymarine EV-100 Wheel Pilot Pack Autopilot System is extremely adaptable. It can be used in winds up to 16 knots with no calibration needed due to the autopilot automatically adapting to the vessel's steering characteristics.

In winds up to 16 knots, the Raymarine EV-100 Wheel Pilot Pack Autopilot System is accurate and able to maintain a precise and accurate course even in harsh marine environments.

The Raymarine EV-100 Wheel Pilot Pack Autopilot System can operate in temperatures from -5°F to 130°F.

The Raymarine EV-100 Wheel Pilot Pack Autopilot System comes in a package that includes 1 EV-100 wheel drive pilot with a clutch engagement mechanism, 1 NMEA2000 marine networks compliant p70s control head device with a 3.5" LED screen, 1 EV1 sensor, 1 ACU-100 drive control unit with 2 screws and a mount, 1 SeaTalk cable kit that includes a 0.4m power cable, 1x 5m SeaTalk backbone cable, 1x 0.4m SeaTalk spur cable, 1x SeaTalk 5-way connector block, 2x SeaTalk t-piece connector and a 2x SeaTalk Terminator. The package also includes installation instruction documentation, warranty registration information, part information and installation tools.

The Raymarine Wheel Pilot Pack Autopilot System weighs 14.5 pounds.

The benefits of the Raymarine EV-100 Wheel Pilot Pack are:

• IPX6 Waterproof : The Raymarine EV-100 Wheel Pilot Pack Autopilot System is rated IPX6 waterproof which means it is waterproof against high-pressure water. This means it can be used both above and below deck
• Fits multiple spoked steering wheels : The Raymarine EV-100 Wheel comes with multiple predrilled holes which allows it to easily be attached to different spoke wheels from 2-spoke to 12-spoke steering wheels
• Easy to use : The Raymarine EV-100 Wheel Pilot Pack autopilot system can be easily installed and the clear instructional booklet makes it simple to use with clear set-up instructions
• Mechanical and hydraulic steering compatible : This autopilot system is compatible with both mechanical and hydraulic steering systems and is not limited to one

One disadvantage of the Raymarine EV-100 Wheel Pilot Pack is it is not compatible with sailboats with a displacement higher than 16,500 pounds.

Raymarine Wheel Pilot Pack On Amazon →

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3. Furuno Navpilot 711C

The third best marine autopilot is the Furuno Navpilot 711C. The Furuno Navpilot 711C is manufactured by the brand Furuno and sold worldwide. We rate this autopilot system 9.7/10.

The Furuno Navpilot 711C is designed for small boats under 35ft.

The Furuno Navpilot 711C works with Yanmar, Yamaha, Seastar and Volvo Penta marine engines.

Most retailers price the Furuno Navpilot 711C between $2,900 to $3,250. The Furuno Navpilot 711C comes with a limited 2-year warranty.

The Furuno Navpilot 711C requires a minimum 12v power supply to operate.

The installation time of the Furuno Navpilot 711C System is between 20 and 30 minutes from start to finish.

The Furuno Navpilot 711C can be used in winds up to 15 knots. The Furuno Navpilot 711C can be adjusted to any sea conditions with 3 sea condition settings available on this autopilot including a calm setting, a moderate setting and a rough setting.

The 3 sea condition settings on the Furuno Navpilot 711C will help the autopilot to operate effectively in various marine weather conditions from calm weather to rougher seas.

These settings help ensure the autopilot can adapt to all marine environments and ensure an accurate course.

The Furuno Navpilot 711C comes with 4 different mode settings which are auto mode, advanced mode, NAV mode and wind mode.

For outboard motors only, there is a Sabiki mode on the Furuno Navpilot 711C that can be toggled on or off which allows the direction to be kept by adjusting the throttle.

The Furuno Navpilot 711C can operate in temperatures from 0°F to 140°F.

The Furuno Navpilot 711C comes in a package that includes a 4.1" LCD display unit, 1 rudder reference unit with 20 meter cable, terminator, 1 processor unit, 15-meter cable between processor unit and controller unit, standard spare parts, installation instructions, 176-page operator's manual and 1 warranty registration booklet.

The Furuno Navpilot 711C is rated IPX5 waterproof which means it is protected from moderate levels of water.

The benefits of the Furuno Navpilot 711C are:

• NMEA2000 certified : The Furuno Navpilot 711C is NMEA2000 certified which means it has been tested to meet specific safety criteria
• Great alarm to keep the captain alerted : The Furuno Navpilot 711C comes with a great alarm that has 8 alerts which are heading deviation alert, cross-track error alert, boat speed alert, depth alert, water temperature alert, wind speed alert, log trip alert and a watch alert
• Works on both inboard and outboard engines : This autopilot system works on both inboard and outboard motors and is not limited to one type of boat motor
• Works both night and day : The colorful and bright 4.1" LED display unit of the Furuno Navpilot 711C allows the autopilot to be operated in both the daytime and nighttime and it is not limited to just daytime boating
• Self-learning algorithm : The Furuno Navpilot 711C comes with a self-learning algorithm that will track & make adjustments to the boat steering characteristics and power application plus it greatly reduces manual helm effort in maneuvering situations

One disadvantage of the Furuno Navpilot 711C is it is expensive with a price tag of between $2,900 to $3,250.

Furuno Navpilot 711C On Amazon →

Furuno Navpilot 711C On Walmart →

4. Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot

The fourth-best boat autopilot is the Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot. The Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot is manufactured by the brand Simrad and sold worldwide. We rate this autopilot system 9.5/10. This is the best autopilot for small tiller-steered boats.

The Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot is designed for small boats of 32ft or less with a maximum displacement of 8,160 pounds.

Most retailers price the Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot between $600 to $900. The Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot comes with a limited 2-year warranty.

The Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot requires a minimum 12v power supply to operate.

The installation time of the Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot is approximately 15 minutes to complete.

The Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot comes with 5 buttons which are a "left" button, a "right" button, a "tack" button, a "stby auto" button and a "cal" button. It comes with 2 modes which are standard mode and autopilot mode. These modes help the autopilot to adapt to various marine conditions and accurately operate with only minor levels of calibration needed in harsh weather conditions.

The Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot can be used in winds up to 12 knots. It can operate in temperatures from 14°F to 131°F. It operates with a peak thrust of 143 pounds.

The Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot comes in a package that includes the Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot, a 32-page user's manual, a warranty registration booklet and screws.

The Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot is rated IPX5 waterproof which means it is can resist low-pressure seawater spray.

The benefits of the Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot are:

• Fast 15-minute installation time : The installation of this autopilot system takes just 15 minutes to complete
• Built-in auto tack and auto gybe facility : The built-in auto tack and auto gybe facility on the Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot allows for easy tacking and gybing of the vessel when single-handed
• Lightweight : The Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot is a lightweight autopilot weighing just 4.41 pounds

Two disadvantages of the Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot is it will not work on boats over 32ft and the owner's manual is confusing as it includes 3 different Simrad autopilot models in the same manual.

Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot On Amazon →

Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot On Walmart →

Top Autopilots For Small Boats Comparison Table

What to consider when buying a boat autopilot.

The 5 most important factors to consider when buying a boat autopilot are:

• Ease of use : Ensure the marine autopilot system is easy to use with simple instructions and a clear and simple installation guide to make it as easy as possible
• Price : The price is important when buying a boat autopilot system. A buyer's budget will influence the marine autopilot that will be purchased
• Compatibility : Ensuring the autopilot system can function and operate on your specific boat size and weight is important to ensure the autopilot works correctly
• Reliability : An autopilot system should be reliable and able to operate consistently in a variety of conditions
• Accuracy : The autopilot should be able to maintain a precise and accurate course, even in challenging conditions

Frequently Asked Questions About Top Marine Autopilot Systems

Below are the most commonly asked questions about the top small boat autopilots.

What Are The Best Boat Autopilot Brands?

The best boat autopilot brands are:

How Much Does The Best Boat Autopilot Cost?

The best boat autopilots costs between $600 and $3,250.

What Is The Cheapest Top Boat Autopilot?

The cheapest top boat autopilot is the Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot which costs between $600 and $900.

What Is The Most Expensive Top Boat Autopilot?

The most expensive top boat autopilot is the Furuno Navpilot 711C which costs between $2,900 and $3,250.

A record on the high seas: Cole Brauer becomes first US woman to sail solo around the world

On Thursday, Cole Brauer made history, becoming the first American woman to sail solo nonstop around the world. The 29-year-old from Long Island, New York, celebrated at the finish line in Spain by drinking champagne from her trophy.

Friends, peers and sailing enthusiasts had been cheering Brauer on since last October, when she embarked on her more than four-month journey.

Race organizer Marco Nannini told USA TODAY he started the Global Solo Challenge to "create a platform for sailors like Cole to showcase her skills and move on to a pro sailor career."

While at sea Brauer kept her more than 400,000 Instagram followers updated − and entertained − with videos from onboard First Light. The trip was extremely challenging and physically exhausting, Brauer said in one video from December.

In the post, she describes how frustrated she felt when she had to fix and replace different parts of the boat.

"I don't want you guys to think I'm like Superwoman or something," Brauer said. "Right now I've been feeling just broken," she added, describing how she had to fix the boat's autopilot system after injuring her torso against the side of the boat's hull amid intense waves.

Who is Cole Brauer?

Brauer is from Long Island and competed for the University of Hawaii sailing team. She went to high school in East Hampton, New York, her university team website says. She was the youngest of more than a dozen sailors, or skippers, in the Global Solo Challenge.

The professional sailor lives in Boothbay, Maine, and during the spring and summer, she can be also found in Newport, Rhode Island, gearing up for races, the Newport Daily News reported last year .

Brauer has sailed on First Light, a 40-foot yacht, for over five years, the outlet reported.

"I always said I wanted to race around the world in this boat," she told the newspaper.

From above and below First Light's deck, Brauer shared aspects of her journey with followers and die-hard sailing fans.

On New Year's Eve, she donned a dress and danced at midnight , and in another post, she showed off how many pull-ups she can do.

As the only woman racing solo, nonstop around the world in the first Global Solo Challenge, Brauer said she was determined to prove there's nothing women and girls cannot accomplish.

"I push so much harder when someone's like, 'No, you can't do that,'" Brauer told NBC Nightly News . "And I'm like, 'OK, watch me.'"

Brauer is the first American woman to sail solo around the world. But Kay Cottee of Australia was the first woman in the world to accomplish the milestone, sailing off from Sydney Harbor in Australia in November 1987 and returning 189 days later.

On her profile page on the Global Solo Challenge website, Brauer said she wanted to send a message to the sailing community that it's time to leave its male-dominated culture in the past. In the profile, Brauer took aim at a lack of equal pay and what she describes as harassment in the sailing industry.

"Just as well as this community has built me up it has broken me and my fellow female teammates down. I am doing this race for them," Brauer said.

Brauer and her spokesperson did not immediately respond to requests for comment.

How long was Cole Brauer at sea?

Brauer was sailing for over four months after departing on Oct. 29.

She finished second in the race, behind a sailor who departed about a month before she did.

The start times differed because that first place boat, Phillipe Delamare's Mowgli, is much slower, Nannini said, explaining the race's staggered start times.

"The format means that if you enter on a slow, small boat you can still win, which makes it much more inclusive than an event where a bigger budget is a definite advantage," he said.

France's Delamare will win first-place prize money of 7,500 euros (about $8,140), Brauer will win 5,000 euros (about $5,430) and the third place finisher will win 2,500 euros (about $2,710), Nannini said.

How dangerous was Cole Brauer's sailing race?

A medical team including a nurse and a physician trained Brauer and sent her on her journey with medicines and medical supplies, in case of any health issues, according to her Instagram account.

Early in the race, Brauer administered her own IV with a saline solution after she became dehydrated, according to one video posted to her social media.

Brauer's most serious health scare happened in early December when she said gnarly ocean conditions caused the boat to jolt, throwing her across the inside of the boat and slamming her hard against a wall.

Her ribs were badly bruised as a result, and her medical team told her to alternate between taking Advil and Tylenol, Brauer said on Instagram.

"Rigging up a sleeping seat belt has been added to my priority list," she said in the post's caption. "I know I'm very lucky that this wasn't a lot worse."

What is the Global Solo Challenge?

The inaugural Global Solo Challenge is a nonstop sailing race in which competitors departed last year from A Coruña, Spain.

The race encompasses nearly 30,000 miles and takes place mostly in the southern hemisphere.

After leaving waters off the coast of Spain, sailors travel south and around Africa's Cape of Good Hope. The race then includes the two other capes that together make up the famous three great capes: Australia's Cape Leeuwin and South America's Cape Horn.

About half of the other competitors dropped out of the race, according to racing data posted online by the Global Solo Challenge.

Delamare finished the race late last month after embarking on his journey in late September 2023, according to race data.

Contributing: Associated Press

Tesla Autopilot, similar automated driving systems rated 'poor' by safety group

T he Insurance Institute for Highway Safety rolled out a new safety rating system for partial automated driving systems, and the first tests did not go well for Tesla – or nearly any of the electric vehicle giant's rivals.

Under the system, the IIHS assigns the systems a rating of good, acceptable, marginal or poor based on its safeguards, and none of the automated systems landed an overall rating of "good."

Of the 14 systems rated, 11 were found to be "poor," including Tesla's Autopilot and its Full Self-Driving version, which is in beta testing, along with Nissan's ProPILOT Assist 2.0, Mercedes-Benz's Active Distance Assist DISTRONIC with Active Steering Assist, Ford's BlueCruise and BMW's Active Driving Assistant.

POWER RESTORED AT TESLA GIGAFACTORY AFTER FAR-LEFT ACTIVIST SABOTAGE

The only system that performed worse than Tesla's, according to the findings, was Volvo's Pilot Assist.

But the three remaining systems did not receive glowing reviews from the IIHS, either. 

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TESLA'S ELECTRIC SEMI-TRUCK TAKES ON DIESEL BIG RIG

The top system was Lexus' Teammate with Advanced Drive, which was deemed an overall rating of "acceptable." The No. 2 spot went to General Motors ' Super Cruise, and Nissan's ProPILOT Assist with Navi-link came in third – both systems received ratings of "marginal" from the IIHS.

"Some drivers may feel that partial automation makes long drives easier, but there is little evidence it makes driving safer," IIHS President David Harkey said. "As many high-profile crashes have illustrated, it can introduce new risks when systems lack the appropriate safeguards."

Tesla and its chief executive, Elon Musk , have said that a Tesla operating with Autopilot engaged is about 10 times safer than the U.S. average and five times safer than a Tesla without the technology enabled. Federal regulators are investigating nearly 1,000 accidents in which Tesla's Autopilot was in use. 

The IIHS reported that it expects manufacturers will continue to improve their systems' safety features, and noted that the two Tesla systems it tested used software that preceded the company's latest software update from December .

Every automaker that responded to FOX Business' requests for comment on the IIHS report touted their commitments to safety.

Nissan added in its statement that the company is "evaluating the results from the first-ever Partial Automation Safeguards test and will continue to work with IIHS in all matters related to customer safety."

Ford said, "We have been working closely with IIHS since BlueCruise was introduced in 2021. While we do not agree with IIHS’s findings, we will take their feedback into consideration as we continue to evaluate future updates."

Mercedes-Benz noted in its statement that "This new IIHS testing methodology does not assess the performance of the driver assistance systems, instead it focuses on safeguards to prevent misuse. We take the findings of the IIHS partial driving automation safeguard ratings very seriously."

Tesla, BMW, Volvo and General Motors did not immediately respond to FOX Business' request for comment on the findings.

Reuters contributed to this report.

Original article source: Tesla Autopilot, similar automated driving systems rated 'poor' by safety group