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When a boat gets to more than 24 metres what happens .....
- Thread starter jrudge
- Start date 17 Jan 2018
- 17 Jan 2018
Well-known member
I am not thinking of buying one ( well some of them do look very reasonable but 11,500 litre fuel tanks are a bit of a kill joy!). I have always wondered what happens when you exceed 24m. Below 24m is a leisure vessel ( or whatever they call it) above that as I understand is basically a ship. So I head out and buy a 30m boat ( ship) what licence do i need to skipper it and is there a requirement for a given number of "qualified" crew? I also believe that anything over 24m is coded for charter by default. Purely theoretical but I would just like to know! Jeremy
jrudge said: I am not thinking of buying one ( well some of them do look very reasonable but 11,500 litre fuel tanks are a bit of a kill joy!). I have always wondered what happens when you exceed 24m. Below 24m is a leisure vessel ( or whatever they call it) above that as I understand is basically a ship. So I head out and buy a 30m boat ( ship) what licence do i need to skipper it and is there a requirement for a given number of "qualified" crew? I also believe that anything over 24m is coded for charter by default. Purely theoretical but I would just like to know! Jeremy Click to expand...
at the time, when I had finished my YM commercial, I made a subscribtion to the next level (500gt iirc) but I gave the slot to someone else, because he was in urgent need... it was not much more than a 5day course iirc, when we were in Porto Montenegro, I was told that it was fairly easy to obtain the tickets for +24m ships, there with the right amount of $$ , if you can proove experience (<24m) might help.
Main issue is that manning requirements apply so you will need the specified number of crew when underway. Any additional ticket for the skipper is easy to get if you already know what you're doing and you may not need it if under 200grt. You also need increased hardware levels (like for a coded boat) but that's just money and you'd want most of it anyway. So the "killer" is manning requirements. That's my reason for intending always to stick under 24m - I don't want to have to carry a bunch of crew that I may not want on every trip The 24m is LLL not LOA, and there are plenty of 90/95 foot boats that are <24m LLL. The main reasons you can go well above 24m LOA are (a) the intricacies of how you measure the boat and (b) stuck on nose-cones
Please could you explain LLL Thank you
He explained it to me once before and if I can remember (I am getting on a bit), it's the length about 1M above the water excluding a swim platform.
jimmy_the_builder
stelican said: Please could you explain LLL Thank you Click to expand...
Load line length.
benjenbav said: Load line length. Click to expand...
I wondered this also because a Sunseeker 86 is just over 26m but rated at <24m, I also think the Sunseeker 95 at 28m is again rated at <24m. :ambivalence:
Pic paints a 1000 words This IS under 24 M - - technically https://imgur.com/gallery/BJNva
Bit of thread drift. Lets make it 35 metres so we are well away from 24m!
jrudge said: Lets make it 35 metres Click to expand...
jfm said: Main issue is that manning requirements apply so you will need the specified number of crew when underway. Click to expand...
rafiki_ said: Lakesailor anyone? :encouragement: Click to expand...
I will have to stick to sub 10 m as I only have a 10 m tape ,but the marina must have elastic tape .
- 21 Jan 2018
Interested_kiwi
- 22 Jan 2018
Interested_kiwi said: Hi Jeremy! I believe nearly nothing changes. There are some antifouling systems that can not be used on small boats. Safe Manning certificates are only required for commercially certified vessels... You could have a 200m barge, and no safe manning requirements, if it was not in commercial use. 24m is below a bunch of paperwork thresholds, where it's as essentially a giant kayak... And above requires record keeping and MARPOL compliance... I think. I used to know more. If you're a bit serious, I can Google it for you..? Click to expand...
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Yacht classification definitions
The merchant shipping sector is ruled by safety regulations developed since the beginning of the 20th century, and is familiar with international conventions such as SOLAS, MARPOL and Load Lines. But the application of common safety requirements to pleasure vessels is something relatively new – a continuous work in progress – and is very much dependant on the service and the flag of the yacht.
Defining the problems
Definitions do not help. How often have we read of large yachts, superyachts, megayachts, gigayachts or other bombastic adjectives? How many times have we mentioned MCA, RINA, and Lloyd’s, without having a clear idea of who’s doing what?
A good starting point for understanding the subject is to clarify the main definitions and the roles of the main players:
Large yacht
A large yacht is a pleasure vessel with a load line length equal to or over 24m. Almost all the flag administrations have adopted safety codes dedicated to large yachts and this is, therefore, the only definition having a universal meaning in the international regulatory framework of yachts.
Commercial yacht
A motor or sailing vessel in commercial use (i.e. charter) for sport and pleasure, carrying no cargo and not more than 12 passengers.
Private yacht
A pleasure vessel solely used for the recreational and leisure purpose of its owner and his guests.
Flag administration
The government of the state whose flag the yacht is entitled to fly . This administration sets the safety regulations, manning requirements and fiscal aspects relevant to the yacht registration.
Different flag administrations can inspect the safety aspects of yachts with their own inspectors (see MCA for example) or delegate this activity partially or totally to other recognised bodies such as the classification societies.
The main flag authorities in the yachting industry are: The UK-MCA, Cayman Islands, Isle of Man, Malta, the Marshall Islands, Italy and Luxembourg.
Classification societies
Organisations that establish and apply technical standards in relation to the design, construction and survey of ships.
Classification rules are developed to assess the structural strength and integrity of the essential parts of the hull, the reliability and function of the propulsion, steering systems, power generation and all the other features installed on board which contribute to guarantee the main essential services.
In addition to this ‘third party check’ function, class societies carry out statutory duties on behalf of the major flag administrations in accordance with specific delegation agreements signed with each government.
The main class societies involved in yachting are: American Bureau of Shipping, Bureau Veritas, Det Norske Veritas, Germanischer Lloyd, Lloyd’s Register, and RINA.
Large yachts: Applicable rules and certificates
Private yachts
The mandatory requirements for these boats are very light. For the majority of flag states, a registration survey and a tonnage measurement, carried out by an authorised surveyor, are sufficient.
The only mandatory international conventions are those relevant to the marine environment: MARPOL and the Anti-Fouling System Convention.
The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) is intended to eliminate the intentional pollution and to minimise the accidental pollution of the marine environment caused by harmful substances.
The Anti-Fouling System Convention’s purpose is to eliminate the presence of harmful substances for the marine environment contained in anti-fouling paints applied to ships.
Classification
While classification is not mandatory, building and maintaining a private yacht in class is the only evidence that the boat has been designed, constructed and operated in compliance with appropriate technical standards. It is therefore highly desirable, especially in relation to insurance and re-sale purposes.
Commercial yachts
All flag administrations require commercial yachts to be certified in accordance with a specific large yacht safety code.
The most popular of these safety codes, and the first that was developed, is the MCA Large Commercial Yacht Code (LY2) published in 2004. It replaced the Code of Practice for the Safety of Large Commercial Sailing and Motor Vessels (LY1) published in 1997.
LY2 is applied by the Red Ensign Group Flags (UK, Cayman Islands, Isle of Man, Bermuda, Gibraltar, British Virgin Islands, etc.) and is recognised as a reference standard for all the yachting industry.
Other flags have developed similar codes. Luxembourg, Italy, Marshall Islands, Malta, Belize and The Netherlands are some examples.
While introducing a stricter set of rules and regulations compared to private yachts, commercial registration offers yacht owners the possibility of making a profit from the chartering activity of their boats, and allows them to take advantage of all the other benefits of a commercial operation (in particular VAT exemption on the purchase, sale, bunkering, provisions, dry-docking, and others).
Mandatory certificates
The number and type of the mandatory certificates depends on the size of the vessel; the following is an indicative list:
- International Tonnage Certificate : A measurement of the internal volumes of the yacht expressed in gross tons (GT). This measurement should not be confused with displacement tonnage, which quantifies the weight of a vessel.
- Large Yacht Code Certificate : Covers life-saving appliances, fire protection and means of escape, navigational and signalling equipment, intact and damaged stability, manning and crew accommodation.
- Class Certificate : This mainly deals with the yacht’s hull, machinery, electrical equipment and outfitting.
- International Load Line Certificate : This certifies the weather-tightness of the yacht.
- Safety Radio Certificate : This is applicable if gross tonnage exceeds 300GT This concerns the radio communication and distress installations.
- MARPOL Annex I Certificate : This is applicable if gross tonnage exceeds 400GT This deals with the disposal of oil and bilge water from machinery spaces.
- MARPOL Annex IV Certificate : This is applicable if gross tonnage exceeds 400 or the yacht is certified to carry over 15 persons. This deals with the disposal of sewage from ships.
- MARPOL Annex V : This is applicable to all ships. It covers the disposal of rubbish.
- MARPOL Annex VI : This is applicable if gross tonnage exceeds 400GT as well as to all main and auxiliary engines with a power exceeding 130kW. It concerns the emissions from main and auxiliary engines (NOx and SOx).
- Safety Construction and Safety Equipment : These are additional prescriptions on machinery, electrical parts, life-saving and navigational equipment for yachts with a gross tonnage above 500GT.
- International Safety Management Certificate : This is only applicable to yachts having a gross tonnage greater than 500GT. A certified management company is requested to carry out this service, preparing operational manuals, procedures for drills, and taking care of the maintenance of the yacht and its installations.
- International Ship and Port Security Certificate : This is only applicable to yachts having a gross tonnage greater than 500GT and deals with the anti-piracy certification. A certified management company is requested to provide the ashore assistance and establish on-board procedures and operational manuals.
The GT Factor
The gross tonnage value (GT) is a key issue, not only as a reference for the registration fees applied by the different flag administrations, but also because it determines whether an international convention, rather than a particular safety standard, applies to a yacht.
The table below summarises how the conventions and relevant certificates come into force depending on the gross tonnage of the yacht. In particular, the following values may have a critical impact:
300GT: In many codes, when you reach this value the yacht must be certified in unrestricted service (stricter requirements regarding stability, load line and life-saving appliances).
400GT: This is the threshold for almost all the environmental conventions such as MARPOL and Anti-fouling System.
500GT: This is the threshold for the application of the SOLAS Convention, meaning stricter requirements on machinery, safety systems, materials of construction, fire protection, life-saving appliances and navigational equipment. Furthermore an external certified management company is requested for the ISM and ISPS certifications.
The tonnage issue could also arise on existing yachts when undertaking major refits or modifications, in that any change to the internal volumes of the boat – such as adding enclosed deckhouses or superstructures, or modifying the hull transom or bow – will modify the tonnage value with the risk of subjecting the yacht to stricter mandatory rules.
UPDATE: Since this article was originally published, LY2 has been superseded by Large Commercial Yacht Code Revision 3 (LY3) .
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Private Yachts
- General Information
- RMI Yacht Code 2021
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- Dual Use (PYLC & YET)
- Manning & Crew Requirements
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Private yachts are defined as yachts not carrying passengers for hire, not engaged in trade or commerce, and being used solely for the pleasure or recreational purposes of its owner. The registration of private yachts is limited to those of 12 meters (m) or more in length.
Private Yachts of Less Than 24 m
Private yachts 12 m or more but less than 24 m in length* and under 20 years of age are no longer required to undergo a pre-registration inspection. However, the Republic of the Marshall Islands Maritime Administrator (the “Administrator”) reserves the right to require such an inspection as deemed necessary.
Private yacht owners are required to complete the Application for Private Yacht Under 24 Meters ( MI-101U ) and acknowledge their responsibility to meet certain safety and environmental pollution prevention measures. All private yachts over 20 years of age are required to undergo a pre-registration inspection by either an Appointed Representative (AR) or Qualified Individual (QI). A list of current approved QI can be found in the MI-103B .
- Private yachts of less than 24 m are not required to undergo a pre-registration inspection.
- Prompt and efficient registration process.
- Competitive registration fees.
- Eligible to obtain a United States (US) Cruising Permit.
Requirements
- Requirements for Private Yacht Registration less than 24m ( MI-242PYU )
* The Republic of the Marshall Islands Maritime Administrator (the “Administrator”) may accept yachts that have been constructed and certified to the Recreational Craft Directive 94/25/EC and as such, the term within this directive for hull length (Lh) may be considered.
Private Yachts Over 24 m
Classed private yachts of 24 m or more in length are not required to have an inspection prior to registration, however, a current list of firefighting and lifesaving appliances are to be submitted to the Administrator for review prior to registration.
Unclassed private yachts of 24 m or more in length must undergo a pre-registration inspection by an RMI AR.
Private yachts over 24 m are eligible to be commercially compliant on a voluntary basis (V-CC).
- RMI flagged private yachts may carry more than 12 guests on board, provided additional flag State requirements are met.
- Eligible to obtain a US Cruising Permit.
- Requirements for Private Yacht Registration 24m and more (Classed and Unclassed Yachts) ( MI-242PY )
- Requirements for Private Yacht Registration 24m and more V-CC ( MI-242PYCC )
Tenders 7 m or more in length overall (LOA), of a mother yacht registered in the RMI, may be voluntarily registered. Tenders registered voluntarily may also be listed on the Official Record of Auxiliary Vessels and other Appurtenances (MI-200A), as part of the mother yacht’s inventory and outfitting.
A Tender Statement of Compliance must be issued for a tender, regardless of registration status, to any commercial yacht, passenger yacht (PAXY), yacht engaged in trade (YET), or private yacht limited charter (PYLC) of any size.
For further information or to proceed with registration please contact [email protected] .
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What Are The Legal Requirements For My Commercial Yacht?
- June 18, 2017
- Safety Compliance
For a pleasure yacht to be legally engaged in trade and considered a commercial yacht, the vessel must be surveyed and certified to numerous international and national regulations. These rules cover a spectrum of topics for safety, environmental protection and security. Applicability is based upon a combination of the yacht’s length, tonnage, and the number of personnel on board.
The majority of international regulations are established by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), a specialized agency of the United Nations. Its 170 member states and three associate members are the body behind nearly all technical standards and legal rules for safety at sea and prevention of pollution by ships.
SOLAS – International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea SOLAS, In its current structure, the 12 chapters cover all aspects of shipping from construction and fire protection to nuclear propulsion, dangerous cargo, safety management, and maritime security. SOLAS affects internationally trading vessels of 500 gross tons and greater. For regulatory purposes, a commercial yacht is considered a cargo ship. If she is certified to carry more than 12 guests, regardless of size, the yacht is no longer a cargo ship, but a passenger ship, even if one calls her a yacht. There is a distinct difference between these two vessel types.
Contains requirements for: ISM Code – International Ship Management
The requirement can be made simple and easy by using the Ocean Time Marine SMS template software . Safety management systems (SMS) is a requirement that applies to Commercial vessels (including charter & commercially registered yachts of 500GT and over; those of any size chartering with more than 12 passengers) It is also recommended that vessels above 24m use a SMS. The Certificate(s) issued is a Safety Management Certificate and a Document of Compliance (for the management company) This code need not be difficult to comply with as long as care is taken to ensure the documented procedures accurately reflect the actual onboard procedures, providing they comply with the relevant requirements. Procedures need only be limited to operations related to safety & pollution prevention, but a safety management system may cover all aspects of the yacht’s operation if desired.
Compliance with this Code is a requirement of SOLAS Chapter IX (Management for the safe operation of ships). ICLL – International Convention on Load Lines The ICLL — as it is used today on all commercial, internationally trading yachts of 24m in length or greater — establishes detailed regulations on the assignment of freeboard, its effects on stability, and most importantly, the safe transportation of guests and crew. The convention takes into account the potential hazards present in different zones and different seasons (winter in the North Atlantic versus the tropics). The technical annex contains several additional safety measures concerning doors, freeing ports, hatchways, and other items. The main purpose of these measures is to ensure the watertight integrity of ships’ hulls below the freeboard deck. MARPOL – International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships MARPOL was established for protecting the marine environment. It includes strict regulations focused at preventing and minimizing both accidental and operational pollution. The current requirements are outlined in six technical annexes, each of which designed to combat a particular class of pollutants: oil, noxious liquid, packaged dangerous goods, sewage, garbage, and air pollution.
STCW – International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification, and Watch keeping for Seafarers STCW sets certification standards for masters, officers, and watch personnel on seagoing merchant ships. Commercial yachts are subject to compliance with the code, as well as any person holding a certificate of competence for a certain rank. STCW prescribes minimum standards relating to training, certification, and watch keeping for seafarers, which countries are obliged to meet or exceed. While the IMO is the source of these regulations, it is the member states that are responsible for enforcement. Commonly referred to as the Flag Administration or Flag State, this is the government that registers the yacht.
Through a series of inspections, plan reviews, surveys, and audits, the flag state ensures that a yacht meets the requirements of the applicable regulation. For example, for yachts registered under the British flag, the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) is the Flag Administration for the United Kingdom and its dependencies (Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Gibraltar, Isle of Man, and other overseas territories). In some cases, the flag state delegates its enforcement authority, or a portion thereof, to a Recognized Organization (RO), most commonly a classification society.
The major classification societies in are the American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), Bureau Veritas (BV), Det Norske Veritas – Germanischer Lloyd ( (DNV-GL), Lloyds Register (LR), and Registro Italiano Navale (RINA). There are also organizations dedicated solely to yacht certifications, such as the International Yacht Bureau (IYB). Classification, as a completely private service performed by these societies, consists of the issuing of rules for the safety of vessels, and performing inspections to ensure that these rules are being applied. The main purpose is to protect vessels as a piece of property.
The rules apply principally to the structural strength of the hull and the reliability of its essential machinery and equipment. The owner uses the certificate issued by the classification society as an assurance of technical soundness and as a tool for obtaining insurance at a reasonable cost. Port State Control On the local level, sovereign and other self-governing nations have the right to control any activities within their own borders, including those of visiting yachts. Authority and control over foreign-flagged vessels in a country’s ports, used for verifying compliance with the requirements of the applicable maritime conventions, is called Port State Control (PSC). PSC may enforce its own unique, and sometimes unilateral, regulations. An example of this can be seen in the United States and its requirement for an Advanced Notice of Arrival. This is not an international regulation and is specific to vessels entering and/or departing U.S. waters.
For those yachts that operate in Europe, they will be familiar with the Paris MOU inspection scheme. As previously mentioned, the majority of rules outlined in SOLAS are designed for yachts of 500 gross tons or greater. For yachts, these rules can be difficult to meet full compliance as the regulations in SOLAS are predominantly written for internationally trading merchant ships. The major yachting flag states have recognized that yachts in commercial use for sport or pleasure do not fall naturally into a single class, and certain prescribed merchant ship safety standards have been found to be incompatible with the intended use, scope of operations, or safety needs particular to such yachts. Large Yacht Code Because of this, the United Kingdom (MCA) published the first set of rules for yachts over 24 meters. Known as the Large Yacht Code, this publication uses SOLAS as a basis for safety, but provides certain equivalencies and exemptions for yachts.
Currently, in its third edition, the Large Yacht Code (LY3) has become the major standard within the yacht industry. It is used by the United Kingdom and its dependencies (Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Gibraltar, Isle of Man, etc.), plus other major yachting flags including Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Jamaica, Spain, and St. Kitts and Nevis. Other flags have created their own National yacht codes, but they appear to be primarily based upon LY3 or its previous versions. Some Flag states have created an allowance for certain private yachts to charter. This, in many cases, conflict’s with the actual rules. It is a dynamic topic and answers fluctuate depending on the particular flag involved. Commercial certification for a yacht is a difficult process. Maintaining the certification can be an even higher task.
Ocean Time Marine has created a template SMS software that will assist with ISM compliance which has made this part of certification easier. Contact us .
If you are planning on buying an existing vessel, you may need an accurate history of the vessel to help you evaluate the investment potential. Let Maritime Survey Australia carry out a Pre-Purchase Condition survey as part of your due diligence requirements so that you may ascertain the condition of your vessel.
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GT categories for yachts: Rules and regulations explained
It is important to understand the rules and regulations for various GT (Gross Tonnage) categories on yachts as they affect design, construction, safety requirements and operation. Here we provide a brief overview of the main categories and their associated rules and regulations.
Yachts under 24 meters:
These smaller yachts are usually under the jurisdiction of the country in which they are registered. Although regulations may vary by country, there are some common rules:
Compliance with local maritime and safety regulations, such as navigation lights, rescue equipment and firefighting equipment.
Limited crew requirements that often allow the owner to operate the yacht without a professional crew, depending on the size and engine power of the yacht.
Compliance with local environmental regulations, such as waste disposal and emission controls.
Yachts between 24 meters and 300 GT:
These yachts are usually subject to the guidelines of international maritime organizations such as the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and follow the Large Yacht Code (LY3). Some regulations are:
Compliance with the Maritime Labor Convention (MLC) for crew working conditions and accommodation.
Mandatory safety equipment, such as life rafts, life jackets and emergency communication devices.
Conduct regular safety inspections and investigations and comply with International Safety Management (ISM) standards.
Compliance with the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) for emissions and waste management.
Yachts between 300 GT and 500 GT:
These yachts are subject to stricter rules and regulations compared to smaller yachts and must comply with additional international conventions. Some regulations are:
Compliance with the International Convention on Safety Lines (ICLL) to ensure ship stability.
Expanded crew certification and training requirements, including Standards of Training, Certification, and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW).
More comprehensive safety equipment and systems, such as watertight bulkheads and fire suppression systems.
Advanced navigation and communications equipment as required by the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS).
Yachts over 500 GT:
These superyachts must adhere to the strictest rules and regulations, these include:
Compliance with the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) for safety equipment, construction regulations and stability requirements.
Compliance with the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code for security measures and procedures.
Advanced crew certification, including specialized training for officers and engineers.
Compliance with the International Convention on the Measurement of Ships (ITC) for accurate measurement and classification.
Note that regulations may vary depending on the flag state of the yacht. It is important to check with the appropriate authorities to ensure full compliance with all rules and regulations for your yacht's specific GT category.
Tender storage positions on yachts: Various options
Negative windows on yachts and the purpose of the spinning wheel in bad weather.
IMAGES
VIDEO
COMMENTS
“Commercial yacht” means a “pleasure yacht engaged in trade”, and is either a charter yacht or commercially registered yacht. “Private yacht” means a “pleasure yacht not engaged in trade”.
Applying the formula from Wikipedia, V=610 and K=0.255, so the Gross Tonnage for a rather crudely modelled 24 m boat is approximately 156 tonnes.
If the boat is in pleasure use the requirements are lighter than for commercial use but there are still manning requirements (msn1802) and you couldn't "husband and wife" the boat. The one exception is if the boat is <80 grt but nearly all boats on the market will exceed 80grt if they are 24m LLL.
A large yacht is a pleasure vessel with a load line length equal to or over 24m. Almost all the flag administrations have adopted safety codes dedicated to large yachts and this is, therefore, the only definition having a universal meaning in the international regulatory framework of yachts. Commercial yacht.
Unclassed private yachts of 24 m or more in length must undergo a pre-registration inspection by an RMI AR. Private yachts over 24 m are eligible to be commercially compliant on a voluntary basis (V-CC).
These requirements are applicable to yachts 24 m (79 ft) or greater in length overall to 90 m (295 ft) in length as defined in 3-1-1/3.1 that are chartered as motor/sailing yachts or carry passengers for revenue and are not considered by the Administration to be a SOLAS passenger vessel or an IMO HSC Code craft, do not carry more than 12 charter...
For a pleasure yacht to be legally engaged in trade and considered a commercial yacht, the vessel must be surveyed and certified to numerous international and national regulations. These rules cover a spectrum of topics for safety, environmental protection and security.
This regulation applies to all yachts for sale and recreational craft from 2.5 to 24 meters, whether they are intended for navigation at sea or in inland waters. New or used boats coming from countries other than the Member States of the European Union are also subject to CE marking.
Rules for the Charter of Yachts Under 24 Metres under the British Flag. The purpose of this guide is to provide information concerning the flag state rules applicable to British registered yachts of up to 24 metres in Load Line length that are operated for charter.
Yachts between 24 meters and 300 GT: These yachts are usually subject to the guidelines of international maritime organizations such as the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and follow the Large Yacht Code (LY3).